Effects of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (GCSF) on Persistent Thin Endometrium in Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) Cycles

Abstract

Objective To predict the effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) in the treatment of persistent thin endometrium resistant to other treatments in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Study Design This is a hospital-based prospective study. Patients Thirty-five women with persistent thin endometrium (\7 mm) resistant to standard treatments were involved in this study. Intervention(s) Intrauterine infusion of GCSF (300 mcg/ 1 ml) was done in patients with thin endometrium on day 14 of FET cycles, and their endometrial thicknesses were measured after 48 h of infusion. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was an increase in endometrial thickness and the secondary outcome measures were chemical and clinical pregnancies. Results The endometrial thickness increased from 5.86 ± 0.58 to 6.58 ± 0.84 mm after GCSF infusion. In 19 of the 35 participants (54.28 %) endometrial thickness increased to C7 mm and they subsequently underwent embryo transfer. Of these, 3 (15.78 %) patients had chemical pregnancy, but there was no clinical pregnancy. 123In 16 participants, embryo transfer was canceled in view of insufficient endometrial thickness (\7 mm). Conclusion GCSF caused a small increase in endometrial thickness in women with persistent thin endometrium, but there was no improvement in their pregnancy rates.

Retrospective analysis of intrauterine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in controlled ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination cycle

“…These findings are similar to other studies. 5,9 Hence from this study it is observed that injection GCSF when given at the level of fundus caused an increase in the incidence of ectopic gestation probably because of the spillage into the tubes from fundus. Only 1 patient had missed abortion when GCSF was instilled above the level of the internal os.…”

“…5,7 G-CSF is predictive of IVF outcome, it is a biomarker for oocyte/embryos with implantation potential, reduces unexplained repeated pregnancy loss and plays a role in the genesis of early endometriotic lesions, and suppresses autoimmunity. [8][9][10] Administration of G-CSF does not seem to affect embryonic chromosomal constitution and therefore seems safe. Some studies have shown that systemic administration of G-CSF in patients with recurrent spontaneous pregnancy losses and repetitive implantation failures improves pregnancy outcomes.…”

“…[6][7][8] Also, studies show that transvaginal infusion of GCSF successfully were utilized in women with low endometrial thickness and recurrent implantation failures. 5,9,11 So, it is proven that G-CSF's inflammatory and immunological effects improves the implantation rate and endometrial receptivity in infertile women. 12 GCSF also has adverse effects such as skin rash, injection site rash, bone pain and myalgia but this is seen with the use of GCSF for haematological purposes.…”

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor for Treatment of Thin Endometrium in Assisted Reproduction Technology Cycles

“…All the women underwent intrauterine infusion of G-CSF (300 mg/ 1 ml) on the day 14 of the cycle and endometrium was measured 2 days later. 35 A total of 16 patients had cancellation of cycle due to inadequate endometrial thickness and three patients (15.78%) had biochemical pregnancies.…”

Global view on the problem of 'thin' endometrium: solutions to the problem in assisted reproductive technology (literature review)

“…В процессе имплантации участвуют иммунологические механизмы в эндометрии. GCSF повышает секрецию эндогенных цитокинов [17]. Исследование T. Tanaka и соавт.…”