No abstract

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Society, 33, 1, pp. 14-29, 2004-02-01 Preferred surface luminances in offices, by evolution Newsham, G. R.; Marchand, R. G.; Veitch, J. A. office, and rated them for attractiveness. The image was projected onto a screen at realistic luminances and 54% of full size. The images in the series were geometrically identical, but the luminances of important surfaces were independently manipulated. Initially, the combinations of luminances were random, but as the session continued a genetic algorithm was used to generate new images that generally retained features of prior images that were rated most highly. As a result, the images presented converged on an individual's preferred combination of luminances. The results demonstrated that this technique was effective in reaching a participant's preferred combination of luminances. There were significant differences in room appearance ratings of the most attractive image compared to other images, and the differences were in the expected direction. Factor analysis of ratings of the most attractive images revealed a factor structure with some similarity to that obtained when people rated real office spaces. Furthermore, preferred luminances were similar to those chosen by people in real settings, as was the variation in preferences between individuals. Journal of the Illuminating EngineeringFinally, subjective ratings of brightness, uniformity and attractiveness were significantly related to luminances in the image.

Participants (N ϭ 33) in an office laboratory were exposed to an initial baseline electric lighting level of 400 lx on the desktop. The electric lighting was dimmed smoothly over 10 seconds. During the dim, and for 30 seconds afterwards, the participant performed a computer-based proofreading task. The participants indicated if they had noticed the change, and whether the lighting conditions were acceptable. This was repeated over multiple trials, with dimming from 0 to 80 percent, and with or without daylight. The level of dimming not noticed by occupants was 20 percent with no daylight, 40 percent with relatively low prevailing daylight, and 60 percent with high prevailing daylight (or, alternatively, an amount which represents 20 percent of total light level). The level of dimming that resulted in conditions that were still acceptable was 40 percent with no or low daylight, and 80 percent with high prevailing daylight. These results may be used to develop guidelines for using lighting in demand response actions. They suggest that dimming lights can contribute large electricity demand reductions during periods of grid stress without major inconvenience to occupants.

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Special Technical Publication, 1320, pp. 456-470, 1997 A Logical extension of the ASTM standard E96 to determine the dependence of water vapour transmission on relative humidity Lackey, J. C.; Marchand, R. G.; Kumaran, M. K. ASTMhttp://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/irc A Logic a l e x t e nsion of t he AST M st a nda rd E9 6 t o de t e rm ine t he de pe nde nc e of w a t e r va pour t ra nsm ission on re la t ive hum idit y NRCC-40105Lackey, J.C.; Marchand, R.G.; Kumaran, M.K. April 1997A version of this document is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans: Special Technical Publication, 1320, pp. 456-470, April 01, 1997 The material in this document is covered by the provisions of the Copyright Act, by Canadian laws, policies, regulations and international agreements. Such provisions serve to identify the information source and, in specific instances, to prohibit reproduction of materials without written permission. For more information visit http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cs/C-42 ASTMLes renseignements dans ce document sont protégés par la Loi sur le droit d'auteur, par les lois, les politiques et les règlements du Canada et des accords internationaux. Ces dispositions permettent d'identifier la source de l'information et, dans certains cas, d'interdire la copie de documents sans permission écrite. Pour obtenir de plus amples renseignements : http://lois.justice.gc.ca/fr/showtdm/cs/C-42 It is well koowo that the water vapour transmission properties of hygroscopic building materials depend on the local relative humidities(rh). Traditionally, the ASTM Standard E96 specifies only two conditions of rho The dry cup method in the standard corresponds to a mean rh of 25 % and the wet cup to 75 %. This information is not enough to describe the behaviour of the material through the entire range of rho European standards have already proposed an extension of the existing standard to address this issue. ASTM standard should follow this change. A logical extension of the E96 standard to include the effect of rh on water vapour transmission properties has been proposed and is being discussed by one of the C16 Committee Task Groups. This paper presents the application of the proposed extension to several common building materials. The details include the operating principles of a constant temperaturerh chamber and the effects on the test results, of the vapour resistance offered by still air inside the cup, the surface resistanc...

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10. 3763/inbi.2009.0004 Intelligent Buildings International, 1, 2, pp. 101-121, 2009-01-01 Control strategies for lighting and ventilation in offices: effects on energy and occupants Newsham, G. R.; Mancini, S.; Veitch, J. A.; Marchand, R. G.; Lei, W.; Charles, K. E.; Arsenault, C. D. The material in this document is covered by the provisions of the Copyright Act, by Canadian laws, policies, regulations and international agreements. Such provisions serve to identify the information source and, in specific instances, to prohibit reproduction of materials without written permission. For more information visit http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cs/C-42Les renseignements dans ce document sont protégés par la Loi sur le droit d'auteur, par les lois, les politiques et les règlements du Canada et des accords internationaux. Ces dispositions permettent d'identifier la source de l'information et, dans certains cas, d'interdire la copie de documents sans permission écrite. ABSTRACTParticipants (N=126) spent a day in a full-scale office laboratory, completing questionnaires and standard office tasks. Some participants experienced typical constant lighting and ventilation conditions, whereas others were given personal control over the dimming of lighting in their workstation and over the flow rate of air from a ceiling-based nozzle in their workstations. Half of the participants, some with personal control and some without, were exposed to environmental changes typical of demand-response load shedding in the afternoon: Workstation illuminance was reduced by 2%/min, and ambient air temperature increased by ~1.5 o C over a 2.5 hour period. Results showed that personal environmental control improved environmental satisfaction. Personal control over lighting led to an average energy reduction of around 10% compared to a typical fixed system; participants with personal control also reduced flow rate compared to the constant condition. Use of each control type averaged 2 -3 control actions per person per day, which dropped to less than one control action per person per day in a longer-term pilot study (N=5) conducted in the same space. Load shedding had some small negative effects for occupants, but in practice is unlikely to create substantial hardships, and is a reasonable response t...

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. ABSTRACTAn experimental procedure for the determination of temperature dependence of thermal conductivity of foam insulations blown with condensable gases is presented. The procedure is used to investigate the effect of the blowing agent on thermal conductivity of a polyurethane system blown with CFC-11 or HCFC-123, at various stages of its aging. A method to calculate the partial pressure of the blowing agent in the cell gas mixture of the test specimens, from the data on thermal conductivity, is also presented.

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109719639401700406 Envelopes, 17, pp. 362-377, 1994-04 Moisture diffusivity of cellulose insulation Marchand, R. G.; Kumaran, M. K. Journal of Thermal Insulation and Building Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council of CanadaABSTRACT: Test specimens of blown cellulose insulation were placed in contact with water to initiate an isothermal moisture intake process in which liquid water was allowed to enter freely against gravity into the specimens. The transient moisture distribution in the specimens was determined using the gamma-ray attenuation method over a period of 10 days. The results indicate that, as with most porous systems, the specimens first establish a characteristic water retention curve and then undergo a unique secondary moisture transport process. This paper presents the experimental data from the investigation. The data were used to derive information on the moisture diffusivity of cellulose insulation, in relation to the secondary moisture transport process undergone by the test specimens.

/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109719639401800204Journal of Thermal Insulation and Building Envelopes, 18, OCT, pp. 128-144, 1994-10 Calibration of a heat flow meter apparatus Lackey, J. C.; Normandin, N.; Marchand, R. G.; Kumaran, M. K.http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/irc Ca libra t ion of a he a t flow m e t e r a ppa ra t us