Background:The extent to which glucose intolerance can be acutely improved with dietary modification is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of ingesting a low-calorie almond preload ("appetizer") 30 minutes before oral glucose tolerance testing in glucose-intolerant individuals without diabetes.Methods: Twenty adults with prediabetes or isolated 1-hour glucose >160 mg/dL underwent 2 fasting oral glucose tolerance tests (GTTs)-1 standard GTT and 1 GTT 30 minutes after eating a half ounce (12) of dry-roasted almonds. Fourteen participants met 1 or more prediabetes diagnostic criteria; 6 had only elevated 1-hour glucose >160 mg/dL.Results: The mean 1-hour plasma glucose after the almond preload was 37.1 mg/dL (19.4%) lower (154.6 vs 191.7; P < .001) than in the standard GTT. The almond preload reduced the area under the glucose curve by 15.5% (P < .001). Eight individuals had a marked hypoglycemic effect (glucose reduced by 45 to 110 mg/dL); 4 had a moderate hypoglycemic effect (22-32 mg/dL).
Conclusion
A 12‐year‐old female African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) displayed lethargy and anorexia for 1 week. Radiographs detected a moderately reduced volume of aerated lung with lobulated margins with the left lung predominantly affected. Transcelomic ultrasound revealed marked consolidation of the left lung. Postmortem examination confirmed suppurative and histiocytic pneumonia, worse in the left lung, caused by Mycobacterium chelonae. Given that amphibian pulmonary consolidation and celomic effusion can have similar radiographic findings, ultrasound may be helpful to differentiate.
Upper gastrointestinal disorders are common conditions that have afflicted humans since antiquity. They can be categorized by primary location (esophagus or stomach) and by the presence of identifiable pathological changes. Symptoms range in severity and may not correlate with severity of underlying disease. This chapter explores the pathophysiology, symptoms, and diagnoses of gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and functional dyspepsia. Modifiable risk factors and potential benefits and harms of conventional treatments are examined. Specific recommendations for comprehensive lifestyle modifications for these conditions are described, including proper nutrition, physical activity, stress management, sleep, toxin reduction, and other external factors. Integrative approaches are then explained, with a focus on botanicals and supplements, followed by a review of homeopathy, psychological therapy, and acupuncture. Finally, lifestyle changes and integrative treatments are summarized.
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