Data were collected from university employees (N = 129) and Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) members (N = 103) to assess the impact of workaholism on work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and perceptions of leisure time. The results, using two different measures of workaholism (Workaholism Battery, Work Addiction Risk Test), indicated that greater scores on the Workaholic Risk Test were significantly related to greater work-family conflict and less gratification with leisure (or nonwork) time. In terms of the Workaholism Battery, high Drive scores were also found to relate to more work-family conflict. However, Work Enjoyment scores were associated with less work-family conflict, as well as greater scores indicative of satisfaction with the job and the work itself. The need to examine various facets of workaholism and implications for organizational interventions are discussed.

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Outcomes after behavioral couples therapy (BCT) were compared for 19 dually-diagnosed veterans with combat-related PTSD and a substance use disorder (SUD, primarily alcohol dependence) and 19 veterans with SUD only. Clients with and without comorbid PTSD had very similar pre-treatment clinical profiles on dimensions of substance misuse, relationship functioning, and psychological symptoms. Further, both PTSD and non-PTSD clients showed good compliance with BCT, attending a high number of BCT sessions, taking Antabuse, and going to AA. Finally, both PTSD and non-PTSD groups improved from before BCT to immediately after and 12-months after BCT. Specific improvements noted were increased relationship satisfaction and reductions in drinking, negative consequences of drinking, male-to-female violence, and psychological distress symptoms. Extent and pattern of improvement over time were similar whether the client had PTSD or not. The present results suggest that BCT may have promise in treating clients with comorbid SUD and combat-related PTSD.

This article reviews the most prominent research at the interface between studies of alcohol addiction and family systems psychology. The review addresses the general effects of alcohol misuse on family functioning as determined in empirical studies comparing healthy families, alcohol afflicted families, and otherwise troubled families. Three factors ("dry" versus "wet" families, family development and the progression of alcoholism, and family structure) are identified as particularly relevant to understanding the treatment needs of families affected by alcohol misuse. Research examining the general efficacy of family interventions in the treatment of alcoholism and specific treatment considerations unique to treating families coping with alcohol misuse are reviewed.Decades of clinical practice and research have demonstrated conclusively that alcoholism has a pervasive detrimental impact on family life. Alcoholism contributes to marital and family discord, loss of employment and difficulty sustaining job perfor-

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and West RoxburyClients with alcohol and other substance use disorders are routinely encountered by practitioners in various treatment settings. This article traces the rationale for using marital and family therapy with alcoholics and describes an ongoing behavioral marital therapy program that exemplifies an integration of clinical practice and research in this area. Specific treatment suggestions are offered and practical considerations for therapists working with families struggling with alcoholism are discussed, including the role of self-help groups in family treatment, the danger of having preconceived notions about "alcoholic families," and the necessity for clinics and clinicians to possess the capacity to assess and treat comorbid psychological disorders as well as addictive behaviors.ROBEKT J. ROTUNDA received his PhD from the University of South Carolina in 1993. He is currently assistant professor of psychology at the University of West Florida and lecturer on psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. His research interests are in the areas of marital and family assessment and therapy, addictive behaviors, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

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