Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi seberapa besar efek dari recovery aktif dan pasif terhadap kemampuan dalam melakukan angkatan dumbell sampai lelah (kemampuan daya tahan), agar dapat diketahui bagaimana efektivitas recovery terhadap kemampuan daya tahan otot lengan berikutnya. Menggunakan teknik purposive sampling diperoleh 23 subjek penelitian yang dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok recovery pasif ditambah penggunaan manset sphygmomanometer (RPMS), recovery aktif (RA), dan recovery pasif selama 3 menit (RP3) sebagai kontrol. Desain penelitian menggunakan One Pretest and Posttest Design, dengan single blind study. Subjek penelitian mengangkat dumbell sampai lelah (daya tahan), kemudian melakukan satu dari tiga bentuk recovery, dilanjutkan dengan pengangkatan dumbell kembali sampai lelah. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara recovery aktif (RA) dan pasif (RPMS dan (RP3). Namun jika ditelaah lebih mendalam pada setiap kelompoknya, hanya RP3 yang tidak mengalami penurunan daya tahan secara signifikan (0,186 > 0,05) jika dibandingkan dengan RPMS (0,000 < 0,01) dan RA (0,007 < 0,05). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan RP3 memiliki kemampuan tahan terhadap kelelahan lebih lama dibandingkan dengan RA dan RPMS. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh antara recovery aktif dan pasif. Namun recovery pasif terbukti mampu membuktikan bahwa tahan terhadap kelelahan lebih lama dibandingkan dengan recovery aktif. EFFECTS OF ACTIVE VERSUS PASSIVE RECOVERY ON MUSCLE ENDURANCE  Abstract The study investigated effects of active and passive toward ability to lift dumbbell to exhausted (endurance ability), so that it can prove effectiveness of recovery for lifting further. Through purposive sampling techniques acquired 23 research subject divided into three groups, passive recovery group accompanied by sphygmomanometer utilization (RPMS), active recovery group (RA), and passive recovery during 3 minutes (RP3) as control group. Research design was use One Pretest and Posttest Design, with single blind study. Research subject lifted dumbbell to exhaustion (endurance), after that, subjects did one of three form of recovery similar with their group, then lifting dumbbell for the second time after recovery until exhausted. This study showed that there is no difference between RA, RPMS and RP3. Specifically, if we looked at comparison between pre- and post- recovery, only RP3 had no experience significance reduction for endurance ability (0,186 > 0,05) compared with RPMS (0,000 < 0,01) dan RA (0,007 < 0,05). This result indicated application of RP3 resistant to fatigue if compared with RA and RPMS. It can conclude that there was no significance effect between active and passive recovery. Whilst, passive recovery has time to exhaustion benefits longer than active recovery.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak yang diberikan latihan harness dengan menggunakan metode interval dan repetisi terhadap peningkatan power endurance tungkai. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah UKM Futsal Putri UPI. Dimana 20 sampel diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan simple acak beraturan (pola A-B-A-B) Tes 10 hop digunakan untuk mengetahui besarnya dampak perbedaan power endurance. Desain penelitian menggunakan One Group Prestest-Postest Design. Satu kelompok menggunakan eksperimen latihan interval dan satu kelompok lain menggunakan eksperimen latihan repetisi. Penelitian dilakukan selama 6 minggu, dengan dua kali latihan dalam seminggu. Data yang diolah pada penelitian ini adalah data pre-test dan post-test untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan dari program penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan. Pengolahan data menggunakan perhitungan uji homogenitas, uji normalitas, uji kesamaan dua rata-rata dan uji beda. Menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa peningkatan yang diberikan tidak signifikan, baik metode interval (1.94 ± 2.26) maupun repetisi (1.40 ± 2.26) terhadap peningkatan power endurance tungkai. Tetapi jika dibandingkan antar metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian, metode interval peningkatannya lebih besar dibandingkan dengan metode repetisi. Penulis menyarankan untuk menggunakan metode interval dan repetisi sebagai salah sau varan untuk meningkatkan kondisi fisik.

Ada beberapa tahapan bagi pemain sepakbola dalam menjalani kompetisi, yaitu masa persiapan, masa kompetisi utama dan masa transisi. Dari ketiga tahap tersebut, masa transisi sering diabaikan oleh para pemain sepakbola di Indonesia. Hal ini sangat fatal, kadang ada pula yang salah dalam mempersepsikan masa transisi.  Pengambilan data menggambarkan bagaimana kondisi atlet sepakbola profesional khususnya yang berdomisili di kota Bandung selama masa transisi (jeda kompetisi). Diperoleh 8 pemain sepakbola professional yang berasal dari kota Bandung dan sedang dalam waktu jeda kompetisi. Pengambilan data menggunakan Omron HBF 375 Karada Scan Body Composition Monitor. Lemak di area bawah kulit yang ada di seluruh tubuh berada dalam kondisi normal pada seluruh subjek, kecuali pada bagian lengan dan kaki sekitar 37,50% dari 8 subjek masuk dalam kategori tinggi lemak, 62,50% masuk dalam kategori normal. Sementara itu, kondisi otot rangka secara keseluruhan berada dalam kategori normal (100%). Jika dispesifikkan ke beberapa bagian tubuh, kondisi otot rangka di batang tubuh, dalam hal ini tubuh bagian atas, semua subjek kondisi otot rangkanya masih tergolong rendah (100%), kemudian di bagian lengan kondisi otot rangka kategori tinggi (100%) dan pada bagian kaki seluruh subjek memiliki kondisi otot rangka yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi (100%), dapat diartikan kondisi kaki ditopang oleh proporsi otot yang kuat. Pengambilan data lainnya, yaitu kadar lemak, data menunjukkan bahwa 37,50% dari jumlah subjek memiliki kadar lemak dengan kategori tinggi, dalam hal ini di atas normal, meskipun peningkatannya tidak melebih 20%, sementara 62,50% subjek berada dalam kategori normal. Kemudian instrumen lainnya, yaitu lemak yang melindungi organ vital (visceral fat), seluruh subjek dikategorikan normal (100%) dan indeks massa tubuh (BMI) pun berada dalam kategori normal (100%). Secara keseluruhan bisa dikatakan semua subjek dalam keadaan normal. Terdapat beberapa instrumen yang harus diperbaiki subjek ketika masa transisi, terkait komposisi lemak secara keseluruhan dan kondisi otot rangka bagian atas tubuh Pengambilan data ini berguna untuk menentukan program apa yang akan dibuat selanjutnya dalam masa transisi dan menjelang persiapan kompetisi. ANTHROPOMETRY PROFILE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCCER ATHLETES IN THE TRANSITION PERIODAbstractThere are several stages for soccer players in undergoing the competition, namely the preparation period, the main competition period and the transition period. Of the three stages, the transition period is often ignored by soccer players in Indonesia. This is fatal, sometimes there is wrong perception in transition period. Retrieval of data illustrates how the condition of professional soccer athletes, especially those who live in the city of Bandung during the transition period (competition break). Obtained 8 professional soccer players who came from Bandung and are on transition period (competition break). Data collectiong use Omron HBF 375 Karada Scan Body Composition Monitor. Subcutaneous fat in the whole body is in normal condition in all subjects, except in the arms and legs about 37.50% of 8 subjects included in the high-fat category, 62.50% included in the normal category. Meanwhile, the condition of skeletal muscle as a whole is in the normal category (100%). If specified to several parts of the body, skeletal muscle conditions in the trunk, in this case the upper body, all subjects with skeletal muscle conditions are still relatively low (100%), then in the arm the skeletal muscle conditions are high category (100%) and on feet have skeletal muscle conditions that are included in the very high category (100%), it meant that the foot's condition is supported by the proportion of strong muscles. Another data collected, in the name of fat content as general in the body, data showed that 37.50% of the total subjects had high fat content, in this case above normal, although the increase did not exceed more than 20%, while 62.50% subjects were in the normal category. Then other instruments, fat that protects vital organs (visceral fat), all subjects were categorized in normal (100%) and body mass index (BMI) was in the normal category (100%). Overall it can be said that data from all subjects are normal. There are several instruments that must be improved by the subject during the transition period, related to the overall fat composition and condition of upper body skeletal muscles. Data collection is useful to determine what programs will be made later in the transition period and preparation period.

This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and outcome expectation of the Body Mass Index in the elderly population. Methods: This research is an analytical observational study conducted with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling technique with a total of 118 samples (61.7 ± 8.3 years; 153.7 ± 8.3 cm; 60.5 ± 12.7 kg; BMI = 25.5 ± 4.6 kg/m 2 ). Data analysis in this study uses the Pearson product-moment correlation technique. Results: The results of this study show a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy dimension 1 and BMI because of the value of sig. < 0.05, r count is negative and r count < r table -0.1809. There is a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy dimension 2 and BMI because of sig value. < 0.05, r count is negative and r count < r table (-0.203 < 0.1809). There is a significant negative relationship between 3rd dimension self-efficacy and BMI because of the value of sig. < 0.05, r count is negative and r count < r table -0.278 < -0.1809. There is a significant negative relationship between the outcome expectation (positive) and BMI because of the sig. < 0.05, r count is negative and r count < r table -0.205 < 0.1809. There is a significant positive relationship between the outcome expectation (negative) and BMI because of the sig. < 0.05, r count is positive and r count > r table (0.523 > 0.1809). Conclusion:It can be concluded that self-efficacy in doing physical activity and understanding the benefits obtained after doing sports has a significant relationship with BMI values in the elderly.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on increasing physical fitness for the elderly. This one group of pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research recruited elderly subjects from Sumber Waras Elderly Association in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Twenty-four elderly subjects aged 60-70 years old participated in the 16 sessions of aerobic exercise intervention. All subjects completed pre-and post-intervention physical fitness tests comprising the aerobic/cardiovascular (CV) endurance (2 minutes step test), upper body strength (arm curl test), lower body strength (chair stand test), upper body flexibility (back scratch test), core and lower body flexibility (sit and reach test) and balance (8 foot up and go test). Changes in physical fitness (post- versus pre-intervention) of the subjects were analyzed using paired T-test. The normality and homogeneity tests were performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov and Levene’s tests, respectively. Statistical significance was set to p 0.05. This study showed that all physical fitness components, including aerobic endurance, upper and lower body strength, upper and lower body flexibility, and balance, were increased significantly in the subjects (p 0.05). The results suggest that low-impact aerobic exercise positively affects physical fitness improvement in the elderly.

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed Indonesians’ behaviors and has had an impact on many facets of daily life. People’s lives are becoming increasingly dependent on digital technologies, which is a phenomenon with conflicting effects on people’s health and happiness. This cross-sectional study focused on one such influence, namely, how the shift from the period before to during COVID-19 has affected children’s playtime and sleep duration. As part of a multicenter study, 618 adult caregivers (parents, family members, or babysitters) who visited the kindergarten in question on behalf of preschool children aged 2–5 years (4.04 ± 1.39) were surveyed on the children’s play and sleep habits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, particularly Java Island (before pandemic, N = 309; during pandemic, N = 309). ANOVA was used for a statistical analysis to describe the difference between groups and within time collections. Significant favorable relationships were found between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic playtime and sleeping time on weekdays, weekends, and averaged weekday-weekend (r = 0.437; 0.180 and 0.321, all p < 0.05) were detected. Before the pandemic, children’s playtime (4.11 vs. 3.55 h) and sleep duration (10.92 vs. 10.70 h) were significantly greater on the weekend than on the weekday (p < 0.05) but not during the pandemic (playtime: 3.48 vs. 3.45 h and sleep duration: 10.83 vs. 10.80 h; all p > 0.05). The COVID-19 pandemic had no impact on sleep duration or playtime in Javanese preschool children. Efforts should be intensified to promote the value of playtime and sleep duration among children in this age range so that the future of Indonesian children’s can be ensured.

A good sport learning planning could minimize injury risk in sports learning. The study aimed at finding out the preparation process of sport learning planning and the number of injury cases. It used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. It was conducted in April-October 2022 at junior high schools in the Special District of Yogyakarta. Its samples were drawn from 20,401 students and 33 physical, sports, and health education teachers using a random sampling technique that gave 400 samples (171 males and 229 females). The validity test of the student questionnaire gave r-count r-table (0.235) and alpha Cronbach of 0.928 0.655, while the validity test of the teacher questionnaire gave r-count r-table (0.344) and alpha Cronbach of 0.737 0.655. Results: There were 158 students (39.50%) who got cervical vertebrae injuries, 193 students (48.25%) who got shoulder injuries, 133 students (33.25%) who got elbow injuries, 182 students (45.50%) who got wrist injuries, 163 students (40.75%) who got finger injury, 198 students (49.50%) who got waist injury, 170 students (42.50%) who got pelvis injury, 202 students (50.50%) who got knee injury, 170 students (42.50%) who got ankle injury, and 165 students (41.25%) who got toe injury. Concerning sports learning planning, there were 2 teachers (6.1%) who never planned sports learning, 8 teachers (24.2%) who rarely planned it, 13 teachers (39.4%) who occasionally planned it, 9 teachers (27.3%) who often planned, and 1 teacher (3.0%) who always planned it. Conclusion: Knee injury was the most common one and teachers have not well-planned sport learning. It was necessary to conduct further study of the correlation between sports learning planning and the injury

Latar belakang dan Tujuan: Atlet remaja memiliki resiko besar terhadap penurunan asupan nutrisi karena meningkatnya kebutuhan energi. Memperoleh asupan nutrisi yang seimbang menjadi sebuah masalah yang dihadapi oleh remaja karena gaya hidup yang cenderung mengabaikan kandungan nutrisi yang dikonsumsi. Banyak atlet remaja mengkonsumsi minuman berenergi tapi ternyata berkontribusi negatif terhadap kesehatan sehingga lebih dianjurkan untuk mengkonsumsi susu. Atlet remaja yang terbiasa melakukan aktivitas fisik akan mengalami respon fisiologis di dalam tubuh maka perlu ditunjang dengan asupan tambahan untuk menjaga kebutuhan energi tetap terpenuhi. Kombinasi antara aktivitas fisik ditambah dengan asupan nutrisi akan berdampak bagi sistem metabolisme tubuh. Maka dari itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari konsumsi susu sapi terhadap kondisi VO 2 Maks atlet remaja. Metode: Pemilihan subjek penelitian diawali dengan kuesioner pre-test, hal ini dilakukan untuk menghindari subjek yang memiliki riwayat penyakit berbahaya dan bisa mempengaruhi hasil penelitian. Diperoleh 24 atlet sepakbola berusia 18-21 tahun, tidak memiliki riwayat alergi terhadap susu sapi dan memiliki pengalaman bermain sepakbola lebih dari 3 tahun minimal di level daerah, dengan aktivitas fisik 3-5 kali seminggu. Atlet dibagi secara acak ke dalam tiga kelompok minuman (susu sapi segar, susu pasteurisasi dan air mineral) yang dikonsumsi selama tiga minggu berturut-turut. Pemberian susu sapi segar dan susu pasteurisasi dengan volume yang sama (isovolumic) wajib dikonsumsi subjek penelitian sebanyak tiga kali sehari dalam jangka waktu tiga minggu dengan takaran yang telah ditentukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pretest-Posttest Randomized-Groups Design, dengan melakukan dua kali pengetesan yaitu pre-test (sebelum pemberian minuman) dan post-test (setelah pemberian minuman selama tiga minggu berturut-turut). Setiap pre-test dan post-test dilakukan Cooper test 2,4 km. Saat sebelum (p1) dan sesudah (p2) Cooper test 2,4 km dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah untuk mengukur nilai laktat, glukosa dan hemoglobin. Hasil: Dengan nilai t hitung < t tabel yaitu-2,240 < 2,069 dapat diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kondisi VO 2 Max antara pretest (sebelum pemberian minuman) dan post-test (setelah pemberian minuman selama tiga minggu berturut-turut). Namun jika dilihat dari nilai VO2 Max ketika pre-test dan post-test, terjadi peningkatan meskipun tidak signifikan (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Tidak terjadi perubahan yang signifikan pada nilai VO 2 Max atlet sepakbola yang terbiasa mengkonsumi susu sapi. Dari penelitian ini terlihat data dari hasil tes VO 2 Max dengan menggunakan Cooper test 2,4 km terjadi peningkatan nilai namun tidak terlalu signifikan.