The objective was to evaluate sowing density influence on hydroponic corn fodder bromatological composition, harvested in different ages raised on grass mix substrate. The experimental design used was completely randomized with six replications for each treatment, using 2.0 m² plots (1.0 x 2.0 m). The densities were distributed into factorial array (4x4), consisting in four sowing densities (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg m-²) and four cutting ages (10, 15, 20 and 25 days). The dry matter content (DMC) and production (DMP) and crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), Fiber neutral detergent (FND) and ethereal extract (EE) were analyzed each cutting age. In terms of DMP (kg m-²), EE (%) and DMC (kg m-²), it is recommended to use the density 1.0 kg m-² with cutting age of 25 days. Regarding CP (%) the best result was at 15 days of cut and density 2.5 kg m-² and the values for FND (%) and ADF (%) were higher at 25 days at 2.0 kg density 2,0 kg m-². The choice of both best harvesting age and density will depend on what is desired of the nutritional forage (CP, EE, NDF, ADF, DMC and DMP) as well its destination, since very close values were found in all analyzes, regardless of density and age of harvest analyzed.
Pa la vr as-cha ve Coturnix coturnix japonica, comportamento, estresse, Pimpinella anisum, qualidade dos ovos Abst ract The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Pimpinella anisum (fennel) on the performance, stress, and quality of Japanese Quail eggs in the second laying cycle (73 to 77 weeks). One hundred sixty-eight female quails from Japanese sub-species (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 73 weeks of age, divided and submitted to four treatments (0; 250; 500 and 750mg of fennel/kg of feed) were used in a randomized block design. (RBD), with seven replications and six birds per experimental plot, totaling 28 plots. Performance, behavioral, and egg quality parameters were evaluated. Bird performance was not influenced (p>0.05) by the treatments tested. The highest egg weight and albumen weight were found in birds fed 750 mg of fennel, while a higher albumen height was observed for the estimated dose of 669 mg (p<0,05). The estimated doses of 554.09 mg, 634.10 mg, and 613.10 mg of fennel were efficient in reducing agitated behaviors by riding, pecking, and stirring, respectively. However, non-aggressive variables were not influenced by the addition of fennel to the diet (p>0.05). The tonic immobility test had a decreasing linear effect (p<0.05), which indicates a lower time in seconds in tonic immobility to birds receiving 750 mg of fennel. Fennel added to the diet did not interfere with performance, but it influenced essential parameters related to egg quality and was able to alter characteristics related to bird behavior.
Ovinos são comumente acometidos por parasitoses gastrointestinais, a maioria cosmopolita, sendo Haemonchus sp., o nematódeo encontrado com maior frequência parasitando os ovinos, que se contaminam ingerindo as larvas. Isso implica na importância de se conhecer o ciclo de vida deste parasito, que é um micoorganismo microscópico que se aloja no trato gastrointestinal e absorve o sangue ocasiona o quadro de anemia, fato este que pode debilitar rapidamente o animal e causar o óbito, além de provocar um atraso no desenvolvimento do animal, gerando perdas econômicas. Foi utilizado neste estudo a metodologia da revisão bibliográfica, procedente de artigos científicos e livros. O H. contortus é a espécie de maior relevância, pois tem alta patogenicidade e alta prevalência nos rebanhos brasileiros, causando perdas econômicas ao produtor devido à baixa produtividade e desenvolvimento dos animais acometidos, como perda de peso, anemia, atraso no desenvolvimento corporal de animais jovens e, causando o óbito. O uso indiscriminado de antiparasitários causou o aumento da resistência dos helmintos às moléculas existentes no mercado. Desta forma, a necessidade de buscar novos métodos de controle de verminoses visa diminuir o uso de anti-helmínticos por meio da vermifugação seletiva, alimentação balanceada com suplementação proteica e o fornecimento de forrageiras de boa qualidade e com altos teores de proteína.
The low nutrients levels available in pasture formation reduces the forage yield. Soil correction and fertilization practices are considered priorities in the planning, renovation or recovery of pastures. The aimed of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilization rate in productivity of the Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a 3×4 factorial arrangement, with three doses of superphosphate (0.0, 80.0 and 160.0 kg.ha-1) and four doses of ammonium nitrate (0.0; 20.0; 40.0 and 60.0 kg.ha-1), with three replicates. The following parameters were evaluated at 120 days after implantation: green mass and dry matter yield, plant height, number of plants and tillers per square meter. The doses of 80.0 and 160.0 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and 60.0 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen combined to each other showed the best results for forage yield.
A systematic review of the literature was carried out to perform a meta-analysis to assess effects of age at weaning on the performance of piglets in the range of 14 to 42 days old. This step consisted in defining the databases and keywords to be employed in searching for papers for the meta-analysis. To that end, the databases Capes Publication Portal and Google Scholar were searched for researches published from 2001 to 2019. After the acceptance and exclusion criteria had been defined and applied, 28 papers were selected. The data were collected with Excel® software of Microsoft Office for later statistical analysis. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used and the linear and quadratic regression equations were fitted with hypotheses tested at the 5% significance level. The results confirmed the disadvantages of early weaning and the benefits of weaning at around 28 days old. In the farrowing phase, piglets weaned after 35 days had lower daily weight gain (DWG) (P =0.002) than those weaned at 27 days. The derivative of the regression of DWG while nursing on age revealed that a weaning age of 26.34 days yielded the maximum DWG among the ages assessed. After weaning, the maximum DWG was achieved by weaning piglets at 32.26 days. Given the performance of piglets in the farrowing and nursery phases, the results of this meta-analysis indicated the best weaning age was between 26 and 32 days.
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