The barrier properties of the stratum corneum (SC) are largely dependent on the intactness of the lipid lamellae that surround the corneocytes. Ceramides, fatty acids, and cholesterol together with hydrocortisone (HC) have thus been proposed as protective or therapeutic agents against xerosis and atopic dermatitis (AD). However, topical delivery of these substances is still a challenge because of the excellent barrier function of the skin. The aim of the present study was to develop a formulation with combined anti-inflammatory/barrier repair properties. In order to achieve this goal, a new non-ionic O/W emulsion (CerEmulsion) containing skin barrier lipids and HC was prepared. Its physicochemical and microbiological stability and skin permeation performance were compared to a blank emulsion (NoCerEmulsion). Placebos described as PlaceboCerEmulsion and PlaceboNoCerEmulsion of CerEmulsion and NoCerEmulsion, respectively, were also prepared in order to study the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) profiles. The emulsions presented white glossy and pourable characteristics with an acidic pH. CerEmulsion showed smaller droplet sizes and higher viscosity values (5000 mPas) while NoCerEmulsion presented viscosity values of 2000 mPas. Crystalline structures were prominent in both emulsions. The microbiological analysis showed that the results were within the established specification limits. CerEmulsion and NoCerEmulsion have shown similar release profiles and CerEmulsion presented a similar anti-inflammatory activity in vivo when compared with a commercially available 1% HC emulsion. Both emulsions were chemically, physically, and microbiologically stable. TEWL was significantly lower for the group treated with PlaceboCerEmulsion, suggesting that skin hydration was higher with this ceramide-containing formulation.Practical applications: In this work, the authors develop and characterize a new non-ionic HC/ ceramide-dominant O/W emulsion as a topical therapy for the improvement of skin barrier abnormalities in atopic dermatitis (AD). This unique formulation includes high concentrations of three lipids (ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids) and paraffin. Its use is recommended for AD patients !6 months of age. It is also indicated for the management and relief of burning and itching associated with various dermatoses, including AD, irritant contact dermatitis, and radiation dermatitis.

White-rot basidiomycetes are the organisms that decompose lignin most efficiently, and is a promising species for ligninolytic enzyme production. There are several publications on applications for lignin degradation regarding the expression and secretion of laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP) but no reports on the identification and characterization of lignin peroxidase (LiP), a relevant enzyme for the efficient breakdown of lignin. The object of this study was to identify and partially characterize, for the first time, gDNA, mRNA, and the corresponding lignin peroxidase (TvLiP) protein from strain CCMB561 from the Brazilian semiarid region. The presence of ligninolytic enzymes produced by this strain grown in inducer media was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by spectrophotometry, qPCR, and dye fading using Remazol Brilliant Blue R. The spectrophotometric analysis showed that LiP activity was higher than that of MnP. The greatest LiP expression as measured by qPCR occurred on the 7 day, and the ABSA medium (agar, sugarcane bagasse, and ammonium sulfate) was the best that favored LiP expression. The amplification of the gene median region covering approximately 50% of the gene (87% identity); the presence of Trp199, Leu115, Asp193, Trp199, and Ala203 in the translated amplicon of the mRNA; and the close phylogenetic relationship between TvLiP and LiP all indicate that the target enzyme is a lignin peroxidase. Therefore, CCMB561 has great potential for use as a LiP, MnP, and Lac producer for industrial applications.

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This article aims to demonstrate the unconstitutionality of the rule contained in the second part of art. 492, I, “e”, of Law No. 13.964/2019, in which the provisional execution of the sentence is signed after the conviction in the Jury Court for sentences equal to or greater than 15 (fi fteen) years of imprisonment. The problem revolves around the violation of fundamental rights and guarantees established in the Magna Carta and the international treaties to which Brazil is a signatory, as well as the legal uncertainty promoted by the change in the understanding on the subject by the Supreme Court. The research was developed in an exploratory mode, with a bibliographic and jurisprudential survey. In the end, we seek to verify what measures can be adopted to solve the problem of unconstitutionality in the norm in question.

Nanociência é o estudo de estruturas que apresentam dimensões nanométricas, enquanto a Nanotecnologia destina-se às diversas aplicações dessas estruturas. As aplicações tecnológicas obtidas pela Nanociência e Nanotecnologia (N&N) são as mais promissoras do século XXI e ainda há muito a ser explorado. As nanopartículas metálicas (NPMs) se destacam entre as demais nanopartículas devidas as suas propriedades e características, porém ainda são pouco conhecidas em determinadas áreas do meio acadêmico. O ensino por investigação estimula a criatividade e proporciona integração entre os discentes e docentes. A elaboração e a execução de games são recomendáveis devido a sua eficiência na relação ensino e aprendizagem. Nosso objetivo foi elaborar um jogo de tabuleiro para estimular e propagar o conhecimento sobre as nanopartículas metálicas (NPMs). Após aula expositiva, as equipes foram orientadas na elaboração de um jogo com material de baixo custo. Com base na literatura, foram elaboradas perguntas sobre as características e aplicações das NPMs. O tabuleiro e as regras foram projetados com base no jogo Detetive (Estrela®). O processo de elaboração do jogo foi valioso na aprendizagem sobre NPMs, pois envolveu os graduandos com o tema proposto, abordando aspectos de prática considerados inviáveis de serem executados devido à realidade orçamentária das instituições públicas, além de ter proporcionado um momento de interação lúdica entre os graduandos. Em virtude da escala nanométrica das partículas estudadas no escopo da disciplina de Nanotecnologia, suas aulas práticas requerem infraestrutura, equipamentos e insumo que oneram o orçamento das universidades, inviabilizando sua realização. Portanto, a elaboração e execução de games são indicados no ensino desta ciência, haja vista o envolvimento dos alunos em sua realização.