The benefit and efficacy of ketepeng cina (Senna alata) in the treatment of infection has shown that have antibacterial activity, inhibiting and killing bacteria that cause infection. The objective of this study was evaluate the antibacterial activity of ketepeng cina against Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli in vitro. This study was a laboratory experimental research which use completely randomized design with diffusion method. Ethanol extract of Senna alata leaves devided into 4 doses, i.c. 100, 50, 25 and 12.5. Amoxiclave were used as positive control and aquadest negative control. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Varian continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The result of this study showed that antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract Senna alata leaves inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, but not Escherichia coli. The optimum effect was showed given by the concentration 100 at 17.7 mm.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is caused by a variety of microorganism, but bacteries are more often. Antibacterial isthe empiric treatment for UTI. The antibacterial resistance pattern of UTI can be changed by the place and time.Urine culture test and sensitivity test will help us to choose the effective treatment. The purpose of this researchis to find out the pattern of UTI in Pekanbaru. Results of this research showed that UTI bacterial resistancy mostlyfound in Gram negative bacateria with penicillin and 1 st cephalosporin antibiotic.
Uninary tract infection (UTI) is a common health problem among the people in the world, including Indonesia.Approximately 80% of UTI in hospital are ascociated with urethral catheter used in hospitalized patients. The increaseof catheter- related UTI is olso followed by increase of antibiotic used. The diffrence in distribution of UTI causingbacteria and antibiotics resistance associated with cathetetization can change according to time and place. This stdyaims to find the pattern of antibiotic resistance in the urine of catheter related UTI patient. The research was done inDepartement of Internal Medicine RSUD arifin Achmad Pekanbaru. 31 samples were collected from hospitalizedpatient who used catheter at last 3 days and taken with indwelling catheter urine. Culture, colony count, colonyidentification and resistance test was performed by Kirby Bauer method. The result was interpretated based onClinical and Laboratory Standard Institude (CLSI). UTI found in 19 samples (61.29%), 9 samples founs no bacteria(29.03%) and Candida albicans on 3 samples (9.68%). UTI caused mostly by Gram-negative bacteria (57.89%),Gram- positive bacteria found in 42.11% of samples. The highest resistance (100%) was found on cefotaxim, cefriaxon,cefalexin and tertracyclin. The lowest resistance (73.68%) found on merofenem and co-trimoxazole.
AbstrakVariasi genetik virus hepatitis B (VHB) dapat mempengaruhi manifestasi klinis, risiko karsinoma hepatoselular (KH), dan respons terhadap terapi antiviral. Desain penelitian adalah analitik cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan distribusi genotipe dan subtipe VHB pada berbagai manifestasi klinis hepatitis B kronik di Pekanbaru. Sebanyak lima puluh dua serum penderita hepatitis B kronik di Pekanbaru diperoleh sejak bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2009 telah diperiksa pada penelitian ini. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Fisher. Penentuan genotipe VHB dilakukan dengan membandingkan sikuens gen S pada penelitian ini dengan sikuens gen S yang telah dipublikasi pada GenBank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 31 (60%) penderita terinfeksi oleh genotipe C dan 21 (40%) oleh genotipe B. Berdasarkan manifestasi klinis, genotipe C merupakan genotipe yang paling banyak ditemukan pada donor darah (7/10 penderita) dan sirosis (7/10 penderita), sedangkan pada penderita hepatitis B kronik aktif dan KH ditemukan frekuensi genotipe B dan C yang hampir sama. Subtipe adr (60%) merupakan subtipe yang paling banyak ditemukan, diikuti oleh subtipe adw (38%) dan ayw (2%). Berdasarkan hasil uji stastitik tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna distribusi genotipe dan subtipe pada berbagai manifestasi klinis infeksi VHB. Namun, genotipe C (8/9 penderita) merupakan genotipe VHB yang paling banyak ditemukan pada penderita KH dengan sirosis, sedangkan genotipe B (8/11 penderita) merupakan genotipe VHB yang paling banyak menginfeksi penderita KH tanpa sirosis (p=0,01). Simpulan, genotipe VHB mungkin berhubungan dengan patogenesis karsinoma hepatoselular dengan sirosis dan tanpa sirosis. [MKB. 2011;43(3):105-11].Kata kunci: Genotipe, hepatitis B kronik, karsinoma hepatoselular, sirosis, subtipe Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Subtypes Among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Pekanbaru AbstractGenetic variance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) may influence the clinical manifestation, development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and response to antiviral treatment. This was analytic cross-sectional study which aimed to investigate the distribution of HBV genotypes and subtypes among different clinical status of chronic hepatitis B in Pekanbaru. A total of fifty-two of sera from chronic hepatitis B patients in Pekanbaru was collected from March to August 2009. Statistical analysis was performed by using Fisher test. HBV genotypes were examined based on homology of S gene from this study with those of GenBank database. Of these subjects, 31 (60%) and 21 (40%) were infected by genotype C and B, respectively. Based on clinical manifestation, genotype C was predominantly found among HBsAg-positive blood donors (7/10 patients) and liver cirrhosis (7/10 patients), whereas genotype B and C were comparable among chronic hepatitis B active and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Subtype adr (60%) was the most prevalent, followed by subtype adw (38%) and subtype ayw (2%). There were no significant difference in t...
The purpose of community service was to increase community participation in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) through training of health cadres and the establishment of village TB posts in the working area of Sentajo Raya health centre. The activity method in the form of TB cadre training, the establishment of a Village TB Post and monitoring evaluation. The results of this activity were 30 people who had received training and were appointed as TB cadres. All TB cadres get TB module books, cadre pocketbooks and certificates. TB cadres must be able to play a role in the prevention and treatment of TB in their respective villages. The establishment of the first village TB post in the working area of Sentajo Raya Health Center was Pulau Kopung Sentajo Village. In the monitoring and evaluation activities of Pulau Kopung village Sentajo, a village TB post was formed in the "Village Population Activity Corner". Discussions with cadres and village heads were conducted to find out the problems faced, and there were activity books for cadres, PMO cards, and Banner TB for village TB posts. This activity can be carried out well and has the full support of the government and the community. They hope that this current activity and collaboration can be continued.
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