The study was aimed to assess the status of cholesterol levels during the estrous cycle in goats. The present study was conducted by using 4 female cycling bligon goats (Capra hircus), aged 2-3 years, weighed 27-45 kgs, and clinically healthy and Venous blood sampling was done on days 1 (estrus), 3-4 (early luteal), 10-16 (late luteal), 17-20 (proestrus) using a syringe and collected in tubes containing lithium heparin. Plasma wasseparated by centrifugation, put into 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube and stored at a temperature of -20° C until analysis performed. Cholesterol levels were measured by using spectrophotometric method. Cholesterol concentrations during the estrous cycle were analyzed by General Linear Model Repeated Measure. The average of cholesterollevels in bligon goats is 52.20 ± 11.11 – 64.50 ± 18.46 mg/dl. The results showed that the concentration of cholesterol was between phases during the estrous cycle was not significantly different (P>0.05). However, there was a decreasing tendency of cholesterol concentration at the early luteal phase (52.20 mg/dl) and at the late luteal (53.19 mg/dl) compared to the levels at the follicular phase (65.50 mg / dl at estrus and 59.22 mg / dl at proestrus ). It can be concluded that the plasma level of cholesterol does not change significantly during theestrous cycle.
Halal food is an essential thing to be considered by the Muslim community in Indonesia. Halal food must be free from pork, both as a primary ingredient and in the manufacturing process. Halal problems arise when there is a process of mixing meat or lard (adulteration) in halal animal meat for economic purposes. This study aims to identify the authenticity of beef circulating in several traditional markets in Yogyakarta using the Rapid Pork Detection Test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) detection methods. There were 10 samples of beef from several traditional markets in Yogyakarta. The tests carried out were organoleptic tests, Rapid Tests, and ELISA tests. The Rapid Pork Detection Test used is a special Rapid Test for detection of Xema® brand pork produced by PT. Indo Techno Plus. Sampling was carried out from May to June, the markets visited for sampling were the Pingit, Kranggan, Demangan, Ngasem, Godean, Sleman, Gamping, Mangiran and Sentul markets. The organoleptic examination includes odor, color, consistency, and pH. The results of the physical quality test of the meat showed that the beef circulating in the ten markets had a distinctive beef smell, red and pale red, had a chewy consistency that did not break down easily, and had a pH of 5 to 6 except for one sample (P9) from Sentul Market. The results of the Rapid Pork Detection Test showed a negative (-) pork content for all the beef samples. Meanwhile, in the ELISA test, there were three samples with positive results containing pork. The quality of beef circulating in these markets is within the normal range of meat quality and is safe for consumption. Keywords: Pork adulteration; Rapid Pork Detection; ELISA; meat physical quality. Abstrak Makanan halal merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting untuk diperhatikan oleh masyarakat muslim di Indonesia. Makanan halal harus terbebas dari kandungan babi baik sebagai bahan dasar maupun dalam proses pembuatannya. Permasalahan kehalalan timbul ketika terdapat proses pencampuran daging atau lemak babi (adulterasi) pada daging hewan halal untuk tujuan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keaslian daging sapi yang beredar di beberapa pasar tradisional di Yogyakarta menggunakan metode deteksi Rapid Pork Detection Test dan Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Sampel berjumlah sebanyak 10 sampel daging sapi dari beberapa pasar tradisional di Yogyakarta. Uji yang dilakuan adalah uji organoleptik, uji Rapid Test dan uji ELISA. Rapid Pork Detection Test yang digunakan adalah Rapid Test khusus deteksi daging babi merk Xema® produksi PT. Indo Tekhno Plus. Sampling dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Juni, pasar yang di kunjungi untuk pengambilan sampel adalah pasar Pingit, Kranggan, Demangan, Ngasem, Godean, Sleman, Gamping, Mangiran dan Sentul. Pemeriksaan organoleptik meliputi bau, warna, konsistensi dan pH. Hasil uji kualitas fisik daging menunjukkan bahwa daging sapi yang beredar di sepuluh pasar tersebut memiliki bau khas daging sapi, berwarna merah dan merah pucat, memiliki konsistensi kenyal tidak mudah terurai, dan memiliki pH 5 sampai dengan 6 kecuali satu sampel (P9) dari Pasar Sentul. Hasil uji Rapid Pork Detection Test menunjukkan hasil negatif (-) kandungan daging babi untuk semua sampel daging sapi tersebut. Sedangkan pada uji ELISA terdapat satu sampel dengan hasil positif mengandung babi. Kualitas daging sapi yang beredar di pasar-pasar tersebut masih dalam kisaran kualitas daging normal dan aman untuk dikonsumsi. Uji cemaran daging babi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ELISA karena memiliki tingkat sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengujian rapid test Kata kunci: Campuran babi; Rapid Pork Detection; ELISA; Kualitas fisik daging.
Aflatoxin is a toxic compound from the fungus A. flavus which can cause a decrease in chicken productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effect of bentonite clay and activated charcoal in chicken feed as aflatoxin binders based on histopathological and immunological features in chickens. A total of 60 chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (G0, G1, G2, and G3) each group consisted of 15 chickens. G0 as a control without the addition of aflatoxin to the feed. Groups G1, G2, and G3’s feed were added with 106 ppb of aflatoxin. G2 was treated with 5g/kg bentonite clay, G3 was treated with 5g/kg activated charcoal. Chickens were vaccinated with Newcastle Disease (ND) on day 5. On days 14 and 28 serum was collected from the specimens for titer antibody testing. At the end of the study the chickens were dissected, the liver was taken for a histopathological test. The results of the aflatoxin level in the G0, G1, G2, and G3 groups were 10.5, 106, 19.1, and 23.95 ppb, respectively. Microscopic changes show the negative effects of aflatoxin on the liver organ. Group G0 did not show any histopathological changes, Group G2 and G3 showed several mild histopathological changes, whereas group G1 was the most severe. The antibody titers against Newcastle Disease (ND) of 4-weeks old chickens in G0, G1, G2, and G3 were 64, 4, 32, 32 HI units, respectively. The G0 treatment group has a protective titer against ND disease. Group G1 has the lowest (non-protective) ND antibody titer. Whereas the G2 and G3 groups both have protective titers against ND disease. Based on this study it was concluded that the administration of bentonite clay and activated charcoal was able to produce better immunological and histopathological features than the control group.
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