We propose a fast and accurate patient-specific electrocardiogram (ECG) classification and monitoring system using an adaptive implementation of 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) that can fuse feature extraction and classification into a unified learner. In this way, a dedicated CNN will be trained for each patient by using relatively small common and patient-specific training data and thus it can also be used to classify long ECG records such as Holter registers in a fast and accurate manner. Alternatively, such a solution can conveniently be used for real-time ECG monitoring and early alert system on a light-weight wearable device. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a superior classification performance for the detection of ventricular ectopic beats (VEB) and supraventricular ectopic beats (SVEB).

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Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality in the world that occurs due to a blockage of the coronary arteries feeding the myocardium. An early diagnosis of MI and its localization can mitigate the extent of myocardial damage by facilitating early therapeutic interventions. Following the blockage of a coronary artery, the regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) of the ischemic myocardial segments is the earliest change to set in. Echocardiography is the fundamental tool to assess any RWMA. Assessing the motion of the left ventricle (LV) wall only from a single echocardiography view may lead to missing the diagnosis of MI as the RWMA may not be visible on that specific view. Therefore, in this study, we propose to fuse apical 4-chamber (A4C) and apical 2chamber (A2C) views in which a total of 11 myocardial segments can be analyzed for MI detection. The proposed method first estimates the motion of the LV wall by Active Polynomials (APs), which extract and track the endocardial boundary to compute myocardial segment displacements. The features are extracted from the A4C and A2C view displacements, which are fused and fed into the classifiers to detect MI. The main contributions of this study are 1) creation of a new benchmark dataset by including both A4C and A2C views in a total of 260 echocardiography recordings, which is publicly shared with the research community, 2) improving the performance of the prior work of threshold-based APs by a Machine Learning based approach, and 3) a pioneer MI detection approach via multi-view echocardiography by fusing the information of A4C and A2C views. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 90.91% sensitivity and 86.36% precision for MI detection over multi-view echocardiography.

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In mobile positioning, it is very important to estimate correctly the delay between the transmitter and the receiver. When the receiver is in line-of-sight (LOS) condition with the transmitter, the computation of the mobile position in two dimensions becomes straightforward. In this paper, the problem of LOS detection in WCDMA for mobile positioning is considered, together with joint estimation of the delays and channel coefficients. These are very challenging topics in multipath fading channels because LOS component is not always present, and when it is present, it might be severely affected by interfering paths spaced at less than one chip distance (closely spaced paths). The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to estimate jointly the delays and complex channel coefficients. The decision whether the LOS component is present or not is based on statistical tests to determine the distribution of the channel coefficient corresponding to the first path. The statistical test-based techniques are practical, simple, and of low computation complexity, which is suitable for WCDMA receivers. These techniques can provide an accurate decision whether LOS component is present or not.

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Machine learning techniques are becoming mainstream in intrusion detection systems as they allow real-time response and have the ability to learn and adapt. By using a comprehensive dataset with multiple attack types, a well-trained model can be created to improve the anomaly detection performance. However, high dimensional data present a significant challenge for machine learning techniques. Processing similar features that provide redundant information increases the computational time, which is a critical problem especially for users with constrained resources (battery, energy). In this paper, we propose two models for intrusion detection and classification scheme Trust-based Intrusion Detection and Classification System (TIDCS) and Trust-based Intrusion Detection and Classification System-Accelerated (TIDCS-A) for secure network. TIDCS reduces the number of features in the input data based on a new algorithm for feature selection. Initially, the features are grouped randomly to increase the probability of making them participating in the generation of different groups, and sorted based on their accuracy scores. Only the high ranked features are then selected to obtain a classification for any received packet from the nodes in the network, which is saved as part of the node's past performance. TIDCS proposes a periodic system cleansing where trust relationships between participant nodes are evaluated and renewed periodically. TIDCS-A proposes a dynamic algorithm to compute the exact time for nodes cleansing states and restricts the exposure window of the nodes. The final classification decision for both models is estimated by incorporating the node's past behavior with the machine learning algorithm. Any detected attack reduces the trustworthiness of the nodes involved, leading to a dynamic system cleansing. An evaluation of TIDCS and TIDCS-A using the NSL-KDD and UNSW datasets shows that both models can detect malicious behaviors providing higher accuracy, detection rates, and lower false alarm than state-of-art techniques. For instance, for UNSW dataset, the accuracy detection is 91% for TICDS, 83.47%by using online AODE, 88% for CADF, 90% for EDM, 90% for TANN and 69.6% for NB. Consequently, TICDS has better performance than the state of art techniques in terms of accuracy detection, while providing good detection and false alarm rates.