Eight capuchins approximately 8-12 months old were maintained on diets supposed to contain all the essential dietary elements, only the intake ofvitamin D being subject to variation. Essential fatty acid (EFA) requirements were suppliedby corn oil (Mazda). All the monkeys developed skin lesions, and two were destroyed after self-mutilation. EFA deficiency was suspected from the symptoms and organ histology. Analyses of red cell membranes andbiopsy and autopsy samples of tissues suggested a specific linolenic acid deficiency. Complete recovery occurred when purified linseed oil was added to the diet.

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