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This paper develops and tests a model of an individual's intention to reenter entrepreneurship following business exit. Two long-standing theories, prospect theory and self-efficacy, seem to develop opposite predictions in this context. To reconcile these conflicting predictions, we theorize a moderating model and test the boundary conditions of both theories. Relying on two experimental studies, we find that prospect theory explains reentry intentions of entrepreneurs who have lost money when their self-efficacy is moderate or low. Thereby, we provide an explanation for the puzzling empirical finding that so many failed entrepreneurs reenter entrepreneurship even if failure has undermined their self-efficacy.

Although career proactivity has positive consequences for an individual's career success, studies mostly examine objective measures of success within single countries.This raises important questions about whether proactivity is equally beneficial for different aspects of subjective career success, and the extent to which these benefits extend across cultures. Drawing on Social Information Processing theory, we examined the relationship between proactive career behaviors and two aspects of subjective career success-financial success and work-life balance-and the moderating role of national culture. We tested our hypotheses using multilevel analyses on a largescale sample of 11,892 employees from 22 countries covering nine of GLOBE's 10 cultural clusters. Although we found that proactive career behaviors were positively related to subjective financial success, this relationship was not significant for worklife balance. Furthermore, career proactivity was relatively more important for subjective financial success in cultures with high in-group collectivism, high power distance, and low uncertainty avoidance. For work-life balance, career proactivity was relatively more important in cultures characterized by high in-group collectivism and humane orientation. Our findings underline the need to treat subjective career success as a multidimensional construct and highlight the complex role of national culture in shaping the outcomes of career proactivity. KEYWORDS career self-management, career success, national culture, proactive career behaviors * These 12 authors contributed equally to the article. † The quantitative part of this research endeavor has taken a number of years from conceptualization through to implementation. During this time, we have tried to ensure that we gained the maximum possible through this multiauthor approach while maintaining the integrity of our research. Many of the authors were involved in conceptualizing the research at face-to-face meetings held twice a year for this purpose during 2007-2014. All of the authors were involved in data collection in some capacity in their representative countries. All of the 12 main authors and many of the authors in the 5C collaborative were then involved in the subsequent initial analysis and interpretation of the data in similar biannual meetings held during 2014-2018. In between each of the whole-collaborative meetings, the 12 main authors took the group's inputs away to work on them in meetings held face-to-face, via email and Skype. The original text was drafted and revised among the 12 first-named authors before inviting critical input and revisions from the other 34 authors. The final text emerged from the input received from the collaborative, and all authors have signed off on the submission. This submitted version of the paper thus reflects the input and views of all 46 authors, and all are prepared to be accountable for its content. This process was repeated during the revision and resubmission stage. The large number of authors has facilitated ...

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The differential impact of social capital among employees in strategic and support roles has received far less attention than that of human capital in talent management literature. Building on network closure theory and differentiated workforce theory, we examine the effect of strategic and support teams’ experience ties on team performance while controlling for human capital using current Moneyball‐inspired metrics for workforce quality. Using an 111‐year longitudinal data set of 15,837 Major League Baseball players from all 30 teams and 3,475,778 experience ties, we find that after accounting for the effect of team quality, managerial stability and reputation, and era effects, organizational experience ties and subsequent team performance have an inverted U‐shaped relationship for strategic roles and a U‐shaped relationship for support roles. Competitor experience ties have an inverted U‐shaped relationship on performance for strategic roles, yet the hypothesized U‐shaped relationship showed differences for different competency areas among support roles. This study highlights the value of social capital to team performance and the importance of differentiating human resource management (HRM) practices for strategic and support roles in 20 different competency areas. It also showcases how workforce analytics with big data can be applied to HRM and have value added impact on workforce and firm strategy execution.

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Careers exist in a societal context that offers both constraints and opportunities for career actors. Whereas most studies focus on proximal individual and/or organisational‐level variables, we provide insights into how career goals and behaviours are understood and embedded in the more distal societal context. More specifically, we operationalise societal context using the career‐related human potential composite and aim to understand if and why career goals and behaviours vary between countries. Drawing on a model of career structuration and using multilevel mediation modelling, we draw on a survey of 17,986 employees from 27 countries, covering nine of GLOBE's 10 cultural clusters, and national statistical data to examine the relationship between societal context (macrostructure building the career‐opportunity structure) and actors' career goals (career mesostructure) and career behaviour (actions). We show that societal context in terms of societies' career‐related human potential composite is negatively associated with the importance given to financial achievements as a specific career mesostructure in a society that is positively related to individuals' proactive career behaviour. Our career mesostructure fully mediates the relationship between societal context and individuals' proactive career behaviour. In this way, we expand career theory's scope beyond occupation‐ and organisation‐related factors.

We introduce career success schemas as critical for understanding how people in different contexts perceive and understand career success. Using a comparative configurational approach, we show, in a study of thirteen countries, that two structural characteristics of career success schemas-complexity and convergence-differ across country contexts and are embedded in specific configurations of institutional factors. Adopting complexity and convergence as primary dimensions, we propose a taxonomy of career success schemas at the country level. Based on this taxonomy, we contribute to the understanding of subjective career success across countries, discuss the importance of schemas for organizational career systems in MNEs, and propose specific guidelines for future comparative careers research.