This study has the purpose of conducting a dynamic comparative analysis of interorganizational innovation networks of Brazilian and Spanish biotechnology companies. It aims to explore the differences between the network characteristics and their actors' positions and types as well as to analyze the temporal evolution of these networks. Although analyses of the evolution of networks are relevant in supporting comprehension of paths for innovation, they are incipient, particularly as crosscountry studies. Considering that, this comparison between Brazil and Spain, which are at different levels of biotechnology development, may contribute to the advancement of this area. Social network analysis techniques are employed to draw and measure the network characteristics constructed under the information of patent applications by biotechnology companies located in Brazil and Spain in the period of 1990-2012. The results demonstrate an impressive growth of innovation networks from both countries but show an inferior position for Brazilian data in terms of constancy, volume of partnerships, partner diversity, and main actor types. Thus, this article reveals patterns of evolution over time for each country, which allows for the determination of the implications for public policy and managerial experts.
A aplicação de ARS para investigar redes de parcerias para o desenvolvimento de inovações apresenta grande interesse teórico e empírico. Nesse sentido as patentes são reconhecidas como importante indicador de inovação dispondo de informações valiosas, que estão publicamente disponíveis no mundo todo permitindo sua aplicação para investigar essas redes de colaboração para inovação. Entretanto, as informações sobre patentes disponibilizadas pelas autoridades de patentes dos diversos países, geralmente apresentam diferentes tipos de formatos, o que pode comprometer a aplicação de ARS e a interpretação da análise. Para resolver esse problema, esse estudo se propõe a selecionar, desenvolver e apresentar técnicas para organizar e preparar um grande volume de dados sobre patentes, viabilizando a construção e análise dessas redes. Essa pesquisa contribui para difusão de estudos e aplicações de ARS em redes de inovação interorganizacionais, apoiando pesquisadores e profissionais.
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