Jokić S., Sudar R., Svilović S., Vidović S., Bilić M., Velić D., Jurković V. (2013): Fatty acid composition of oil obtained from soybeans by extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide. Czech J. Food Sci., 31: 116-125.
Supercritical CO 2 extraction of soybean oil was performed. Response surface methodology was applied to evaluate the effects of pressure, temperature and extraction time on soybean oil yield. The analysis of variance showed that pressure and extraction time followed by the quadratic term of pressure and interaction between pressure and time had the significant effect on the oil yield. The maximum extraction yield (6.59 ⁄ 100 g soybeans) at constant CO 2 flow rate of 1.629 L per min was achieved at 50°C, 300 bar and 4 h. The experimental values agreed well with those predicted by regression model. One-stage diffusion model was successfully applied for modelling the kinetics of soybean oil. The main triacylglycerols of soybean oil were trilinolein, dilinoleoolein, dilinoleopalmitin and linoleooleopalmitin. Soybean oil extracted by supercritical CO 2 had higher levels of linoleic and linolenic acids and lower levels of palmitic and stearic acids compared to oil extracted by organic solvent.
The usage and value of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed oil are mainly determined by its fatty acid composition, which affects physical, chemical and nutritional properties. In order to assess genotypes' suitability for edible oil production and determine the variability in phenotypic expression of the amount of oil and fatty acid composition in the seed, three-year (2010-2012) trials were set up with eight early maturing advanced soybean lines. As a result, we determined the amount of seed oil and composition of seed fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic). After analysis of variance (ANOVA), we calculated the saturated fatty acid (SFA) amount, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio (MUFA:PUFA) as an indicator of the oxidative stability of the oil, and linoleic and linolenic acids ratio as an indicator of nutritional quality. To give further insight into divergence of given set of genotypes, cluster analysis was performed, while correlation analysis was used to better understand the relationships between all the traits investigated in this research, which play an important role in breeding procedures. The experimental and biometric results indicate the existence of variability in phenotypic expression of investigated traits with significant year and genotype effects, while cluster analysis divided genotypes into two main groups confirming the results of ANOVA. The amount of oil was higher than that obtained in earlier researches conducted in the same geographical region and all averages of five fatty acids coincided with the average values for commercial soybean varieties. MUFA:PUFA was lower than recommended for all tested genotypes, and linoleic and linolenic acids ratio values were higher than the recommended limits for vegetable oils. The results of the correlation study showed the significant and positive relationship between oil and oleic acid, while the significant and negative correlation between oil and both polyunsaturated fatty acids. According to the overall conclusions, the most suitable as a parental component in breeding programs aimed at creating genotypes for the production of edible oil was genotype OS-L-774, while genotypes OS-L-806 and OS-L-805 were the least suitable for the same purpose.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.