Beras merupakan bahan pangan pokok bagi sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia. Kecukupan ketersediaan beras pada tingkat nasional maupun regional menjadi prasarat bagi terwujudnya ketahanan pangan nasional. Masalah beras di Indonesia juga tidak terlepas dari aspek distribusi akibat adanya kesenjangan produksi antar daerah dan antar waktu. Studi ini mencoba untuk mengkaji (1) ketahanan pangan wilayah ditinjau dari ketersediaan energi, dan kontribusi beras dalam ketersediaan energi, (2) ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga dan kontribusi konsumsi energi yang bersumber dari beras terhadap konsumsi energi total, (3) keragaan wilayah provinsi di Indonesia berdasar ketersediaan dan konsumsi beras, (4) optimalisasi distribusi beras antar daerah di Indonesia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan pangan wilayah pada tingkat nasional maupun regional dari aspek ketersediaan energi adalah terjamin, meskipun jika dilihat dari Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH) maka ketersediaan pangan belum memenuhi aspek keragaman pangan. Berdasar ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga masih ditemukan rumah tangga yang tergolong rawan pangan yaitu sebanyak 10,39 persen di Provinsi Jawa Timur, dan 9,21 persen di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan ketergantungan terhadap konsumsi energi yang bersumber dari beras masing-masing senesar 47,9 dan 84,19 persen. Secara nasional, terdapat 11 provinsi yang mengalami defisit beras dan 22 provinsi yang mengalami surplus. Jumlah defisit beras di Indonesia tahun 2009 sebesar 2,09 juta ton. Biaya minimum yang diperlukan untuk mendistribusikan beras  daerah surplus ke daerah defisit tersebut sebesar Rp 1,016 milyar.

ABSTRACT"Minapadi kolam dalam" is a new invention where rice farming was integrated with fish farming. The system that introduced by Dinas Pertanian of Sleman District in 2011 was expected to increase the farmer's income. This study aims to create the development strategy of "Minapadi kolam dalam" on target group. The method of analysis that used in this study was SWOT analysis. The development strategy of "Minapadi kolam dalam" on target group is in an aggressive position that means the development is concentrated in exploiting the opportunities and strengths.

A sustainable agri-food supply chain becomes a utopia when transportation policy has no support to develop a sustainable mechanism. This study conducts a literature review to understand the footprint of a sustainable agri-food supply chain based on robust transportation policy and modelling for optimizing efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study relies on the relevant search term and reference source selection with the keyword “transportation policy” and “sustainable agri-food value chain” between 2016-2020. Literature sources identified with online databases from Google Scholars, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and other online resources that affordable by Google search engine. Based on 52 manuscripts that were studied in-line with the research context, we find the empirical study tends to conclude that the transportation policy is a critical part of developing a sustainable agri-food supply chain besides the internal process in the agri-food producer. Transportation issues focus on routing problems and acceptable government policy. Simultaneously, the agri-food company’s internal process emphasized lead-time production and distribution, achieve the ultimate goals reducing logistics cost, zero waste production process, and customer satisfaction.

Food security is an essential element of the improvement paradigm and human capacity because food access and rights are very crucial to strengthen important human capacities. This study aims to examine the level of community motivation to build food security and to examine the relationship between levels of motivation and levels of factors that may influence community motivation to build food security. The research location was determined purposively at Sumberagung Village. This study is an explanatory study which uses 100 respondents as a sample. Proportional random sampling was used to select the respondents. Results of descriptive statistic reveal that the motivation in terms of existence, attachment, and growth of society is at a moderate level. Meanwhile, Spearman rank correlation test indicate that institutions, leaders, home gardens have a direct relationship with the level of community motivation, while age and infrastructure have a relationship that is opposite to the level of community motivation in realizing food security. Time, education, and the number of dependents in the family are not related to the level of community motivation in realizing food security.

The use of transplanters to carry out the planting process has been known widely. Reviews related to productivity performance from these tools are closely related to topographic conditions, soil types, land area, plant species, community culture, the purpose of use, and the technology included as an added value to the tool. Previous studies found various levels of productivity, socio-economic studies, and studies related to users’ demographic characteristics. This study tries to provide an overview of the use of transplanters with a limited scale and on a specific type of soil, studied more comprehensively by considering the community’s demographic characteristics. The results showed that economically, using a transplanter with a limited land area had no significant difference from the traditional method on the soil characteristics. This decision-making was allegedly motivated by the demographic characteristics of farmers. Using a descriptive approach involving 40 respondents, this study found that transplanters do not differ in economic productivity performance on a limited scale.