RESUMO: "Análise CG-EM e atividade cardiovascular dos óleos essenciais de Ocotea duckei". O óleo essencial obtido da destilação por vapor de água das folhas, caule, raíz e frutos de Ocotea duckei teve sua composição química analisada através de CG-EM. A atividade farmacológica desses óleos também foi avaliada, mostrando signifi cantes efeitos cardiovasculares. Quarenta e nove substâncias foram identifi cadas, constituída por uma mistura complexa de monoterpenos (45%) e sesquiterpenos (55%). Os frutos forneceram (1,9%) mais óleo essencial do que os caules (1,0%), raízes (0,8%) e folhas (0,7%). O principal componente encontrado nas folhas foi o trans-cariofi leno (60,54%), nas cascas do caule, -eudesmol (27,51%) e nos frutos, dl-limoneno (30,12%). O componente predominante do óleo essencial das raízes foi elemol (24,31%). Em ratos normotensos, não anestesiados, o óleo essencial de diferentes partes de Ocotea duckei (folhas, frutos, caule e raiz) induziu signifi cante (p 0,05) hipotensão seguido de bradicardia. Unitermos:Ocotea duckei, Lauraceae, óleo essencial, análise CG-EM, atividade cardiovascular. ABSTRACT:The essential oils obtained by steam distillation from the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of Ocotea duckei had their composition analyzed by GC-MS. The pharmacological activity of these oils was also evaluated showing signifi cant cardiovascular effects. Forty-nine substances were identifi ed, consisting of a complex mixture of monoterpenes (45%) and sesquiterpenes (55%). The fruits yielded (1.9%) more essential oil than the stems (1.0%), roots (0.8%) and leaves (0.7%). The main component in the oil of the leaves was trans-caryophyllene (60.54%), in the stem bark -eudesmol (27.51%) and in the fruits, dl-limonene (30.12%). The predominant essential oil component in the roots was elemol (24.31%). In non-anaesthetized normotensive rats, the essential oils from different parts of Ocotea duckei (leaves, fruits, stem and roots) induced signifi cant (p < 0.05) hypotension followed by bradycardia.

The occurrence of T. sordida in Acre is of concern since it is among the most captured triatomines in peridomiciliary environments in Brazil, and carries a high potential for vector transmission.

No abstract

The occurrence of R. neglectus is alarming because even though the species is wild, it can invade and colonize human dwellings and peridomiciles, thereby increasing Chagas disease transmission.

No abstract

No abstract

These results indicate the antibacterial potential of this species and will enable future studies to identify novel therapeutic alternatives from this species.

Croton lechleri is a native species from the Amazon and used with relative frequency in folk medicine in Brazil and other countries. Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi associated with this plant were studied here. Samples of leaves and stems were used and 575 endophytic fungi were isolated (307 from leaves and 268 from stems), comprising 284 morphotypes distributed in 13 genera and unknown. The most frequently isolated genera were Phomopsis (30.78%), Penicillium (21.57%) and Pestalotiopsis (16.70%). Diversity and richness of species were higher in leaf tissues. Fifty-five fungi presented antibacterial activity. The fungi with the highest activity were Phomopsis (6.34%), Penicillium (3.17%), and those unknown (5.28%). Penicillium sp. 9 showed the highest antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Phomopsis sp. 8 and Phomopsis sp. 9 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Curvularia sp. 1 and a fungus that could not be identified (Unknown sp. 9), showed the highest antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, respectively. Only two fungi (Penicillium sp. 9 and Curvularia sp. 1) inhibited the five tested bacteria. Endophytic fungi of C. lechleri harbor a great diversity of endophytic fungi, which have the potential for producing antibacterial compounds.