BACKGROUND: Globally, the number of coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 confirmation cases shows an exponential increase. In South Sumatera province, Indonesia, reported positive confirm cases in March 2020 as many as 5 cases, and within 2 months there was an increase to 196 times (982 cases) confirmation cases in May 2020. Transmission prevention practice is essential to inhibit the spread of COVID-19 and reduce the number of cases. Based on past studies, COVID-19 transmission prevention practice is affected by community characteristics, level of knowledge and attitudes, but there is no study conducted in Indonesia.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge and attitudes toward COVID-19 transmission prevention practice.
METHODS: The study was conducted with cross-sectional study approach. The sample is the people lived in South Sumatra who filled out the questionnaire through the Google form application, total 1187 people. Data were collected by snowball method during the period of April 18–30th 2020. Data were analyzed statistically using multiple logistic regression tests.
RESULTS: The result of this study found that four variables significantly affected COVID-19 transmission prevention practice. They were occupation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.128; p < 0.01), gender (OR: 1.309; p < 0.05), knowledge (OR: 1.782; p < 0.01), and attitude (OR: 2.059; p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The dominant factor affecting COVID-19 transmission prevention practice is attitude and knowledge. Hence, it is necessary to increase community knowledge about COVID-19 better to change people’s attitudes toward COVID-19 transmission prevention so they can implement good COVID-19 transmission prevention practice.
Filariasis is a chronic infectious disease that can cause permanent disability. One effort to interrupt transmission of filariasis is the Mass Drug Administration filariasis (MDA filariasis) in endemic areas of filariasis for 5 years. In 2012, MDA filariasis was carried out in all regions of Banyuasin. After treatment the 3rd year, it is necessary to evaluate the prevalence of microfilaria and microfilaria density. This activity was conducted by finger blood survey to people who’s living in sentinel and spot villages. This study selected 930 people for SDJ activities The test results obtained 4 positive of microfilaria Brugia malayi. The prevalence or microfilaria rate (Mf rate) in the village of sentinel was 0,96 with microfilaria density were 938/mL of blood, Mf rate in spot village was 0.31 with a microfilaria density were 217.75/mL of blood, while the Mf rate district was 0.43 with a microfilaria density were 716.06/mL of blood. People who suffer filiariasis mostly are farmers/fishermen. The prevalence of microfilariae in Banyuasin decreased, but the risk of transmission can still occur because of the density of microfilariae found> 50/mL of blood.
Kabupaten Banyuasin merupakan daerah endemis filariasis di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dengan jumlah kasus kronis yang dilaporkan pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 89 kasus dan pada tahun 2018 mengalami penurunan menjadi 46 kasus. Koordinasi strategi serta kerjasama yang baik dari berbagai pihak diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan eliminasi filariasis, salah satunya dengan melibatkan kader sebagai Tenaga Pelaksana Eliminasi (TPE) dalam pengobatan massal filariasis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran TPE dalam pelaksanaan Pemberian Obat Pencegahan Massal (POPM) filariasis Tahap III di Kabupaten Banyuasin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan terpilih yaitu: Pengelola Pogram Filariasis Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyuasin, Pengelola Program Filariasis Puskesmas di Kabupaten Banyuasin, bidan desa, dan kader. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif maka jumlah informan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan data. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan POPM filariasis tahap III di Kabupaten Banyuasin belum berjalan sesuai dengan prosedur. Pada pelaksanaannya, TPE berperan membantu petugas kesehatan melakukan pendataan penduduk sasaran dan penduduk yang mendapatkan obat, mensosialisasikan kegiatan POPM ke masyarakat serta membagikan obat massal filariasis di pos pengobatan maupun rumah ke rumah. Kendala di lapangan yaitu penduduk yang tidak minum obat filariasis tidak tercatat, pengawasan terhadap efek samping obat tidak dilakukan karena minimnya jumlah TPE, anggaran untuk TPE masih minim baik untuk mobilisasi dan pelatihan khusus untuk TPE.
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