RESUMO.-[Análise do desenvolvimento e das glicoproteínas presentes nos folículos ovarianos de Poecilia vivipara (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae).] Os apectos morfofuncionais da oogênese do Poecilia vivipara foram estudados nesse trabalho. Esse estudo contribuiu para o aprimoramento das informações sobre a biologia reprodutiva e do desenvolvimento de espécies com fecundação interna, em especial aquelas pertencentes à família Poecilidae. Para tanto, caracterizou-se os estágios de maturação gonadal e desenvolvimento folicular através de análises mesoscópicas, histológicas, histoquímicas e citoquímicas com lectinas. O estudo mesoscópico permitiu a classificação do desenvolvimento ovariano em seis estágios: imaturo, em maturação I, em maturação II, maturo I, maturo II e pós-desova. O exame microscópico dos ovários permitiu a identificação dos oócitos pré-vitelogênicos (OPVt) e vitelogênicos (OVt). Na fase pré-vitelogênese, verificou-se os oócitos tipo I (OI) e tipo II (OII), e na fase vitelogênese, foram encontrados oócitos tipo III (OIII), tipo IV (OIV) e os The morphofunctional aspects of oogenesis of Poecilia vivipara were studied aiming to understand the reproductive biology and development of species with internal fertilization, particularly those belonging to the family Poeciliidae. The stages of gonadal maturation and follicular development were characterized using mesoscopic, histological, histochemical, and lectin cytochemical analyses. Through mesoscopic evaluation the ovarian development was classified in six phases of development: immature, in maturation I, in maturation II, mature I, mature II, and post-spawn. Based on microscopic examination of the ovaries, we identified the presence of oocytes types I and II during the previtellogenic phase and types III, IV, and V during the vitellogenic phase. As oogenesis proceeded the oocyte cytosol increased in volume and presented increased cytoplasmic granule accumulation, characterizing vitellogenesis. The zona radiata (ZR) increased in thickness and complexity, and the follicular epithelium, which was initially thin and consisting of pavimentous cells, in type III oocytes exhibited cubic simple cells. The histochemical and cytochemical analyses revealed alterations in the composition of the molecular structures that form the ovarian follicle throughout the gonadal development. Our study demonstrated differences in the female reproductive system among fish species with internal and external fertilization and we suggest P. vivipara can be used as experimental model to test environmental toxicity. pós-fertilização (OV). Com o avanço da oogênese, o citosol dos oócitos aumentaram em volume, com crescente acúmulo de grânulos citoplasmáticos, caracterizando a vitelogênese. Além disso, a zona radiata (ZR) aumentou de espessura e alterou suas características histocitoquímicas, e o epitélio folicular (EF), inicialmente delgado e constituído por células pavimentosas, nos FOs na fase III tornaram-se cúbico simples. As análises histoquímicas e citoquímicas permitiram diag...
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This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of female C57Bl/6J mice exposed to tannery effluents diluted in drinking water. Female mice were divided into a control group, in which the animals received only drinking water, and experimental groups, which received raw tannery effluent in 7.5 and 15 % concentrations diluted in water (period of 60 days). In the last experimental week, the mice (in diestrus phase) were subjected to different behavioral tests: elevated plus-maze, open-field test, forced swim test, and object recognition test. Our data demonstrated that exposure to tannery effluent increased the anxiety index of animals and decreased the locomotion ratio in the central quadrants/total, indicating an increase in anxiety-like behavior. Regarding the forced swim test, we did not observe changes in the evaluated behaviors. There were no statistically significant differences in the recognition index of the novel and familiar object in the groups exposed to tannery effluent compared with the control group, indicating a possible influence of the constituents of tannery effluent on cognition. Thus, our findings support the hypothesis that effluents, containing neurotoxic substances, could cause behavioral disruptions in female C57Bl/6J mice.
Methamidophos (MET) is a pesticide that has toxic properties, including effects on fertility. This study aimed to assess the joint action of treatment time and exposure to methamidophos on the male reproductive system. MET was orally administered to adult male Swiss mice at a dose of 0.004 mg.kg −1 for 15 and 50 consecutive days. The following parameters were evaluated: weight of reproductive organs, spermatogenesis, sperm and Sertoli cell count, daily sperm production and sperm transit time. Short-term exposure to methamidophos induced a decrease in epididymal weight. The frequency of stages V-VI of spermatogenesis increased and the frequency of stage IX decreased. In the epididymis, sperm transit time (caput/corpus) was reduced and the relative sperm number (cauda) increased. Long-term exposure induced an increase in the frequencies of stages I-IV and V-VI and decreased the stages VII-VIII and IX. The number of Sertoli cells with evident nucleoli was reduced in both exposures. These results confirm the reproductive toxicity of MET.
Buscou-se analisar indicadores de saúde infantil das famílias atendidas pelo Programa Saúde da Família de Goiânia no período de 2000 a 2004, com base nos dados do Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB). Estudo descritivo com análise de variáveis de seis Distritos Sanitários (DS). Realizou-se teste do qui-quadrado considerando o nível de significância valor-p < 0,05. No período entre 2000 e 2004 observou-se aumento da TMI (73,8%), no baixo peso ao nascer (5,6%), do aleitamento materno exclusivo (7,3%) e do acompanhamento de pré-natal iniciado no primeiro trimestre (13,7%). Observou-se redução na freqüência de crianças desnutridas menor de 1 ano (5,0%) e redução das hospitalizações em crianças menores de 5 anos por pneumonia (47,9 %) e desidratação (14,5%). A cobertura de vacinação foi superior a 90% nos seis DS estudados. Com a análise destes dados mais que um panorama da evolução da saúde infantil o que fica claro é a baixa confiabilidade do próprio SIAB. É necessário repensar a qualidade dos dados, bem como a regularidade com que o sistema é alimentado para no futuro utilizar estas informações de forma a realmente traçar um panorama da saúde e auxiliar no processo decisório de gestão do SUS. Palavraschave: Saúde da família; Mortalidade infantil; Indicadores de saúde.
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