No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Resumo -Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de testar a utilização de três composições iniciais de atmosferas (3 kPa O 2 + 10 kPa CO 2 , 5 kPa O 2 + 15 kPa CO 2 e do ar ambiente) com dois tempos de armazenagem (7 e 14 dias) a 0 o C, para a conservação de morangos (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Oso Grande. Os frutos eram provenientes de uma lavoura comercial do Município de Farroupilha, RS. No primeiro experimento, utilizaram-se vidros de 1.700 mL de capacidade para a armazenagem, e no segundo, empregaram-se sacos de polietileno, de 53 cm x 90 cm e 90 µm de espessura. As atmosferas com 3 kPa O 2 + 10 kPa CO 2 ou 5 kPa O 2 + 15 kPa CO 2 apresentaram bom potencial para a conservação dos frutos por até 7 dias. A modificação da atmosfera em embalagens de polietileno empregando concentrações iniciais de ar ambiente aumentou o período de conservação e manteve a qualidade dos frutos por até 7 dias. Os benefícios decorrentes da utilização dessas atmosferas foram a manutenção da firmeza da polpa, da coloração dos frutos, dos teores de açúcares totais, e de ácido ascórbico.Termos para indexação: Fragaria x ananassa, frutas, armazenamento em atmosfera controlada, refrigeração, qualidade do produto. Use of modified atmosphere storage on postharvest quality of strawberriesAbstract -Two experiments were conducted to test the use of three initial compositions of storage atmospheres (3 kPa O 2 + 10 kPa CO 2 , 5 kPa O 2 + 15 kPa CO 2 or ambient air) and two storage periods (7 or 14 days) at 0 o C on the quality of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Oso Grande. The fruits were originated from a grove of Farroupilha, RS, Brazil. In the first experiment, strawberries were stored in glass bottles with 1,700 mL of capacity. In the second experiment, polyethylene bags of 53 cm x 90 cm and 90 µm of thickness were used. The use of atmospheres with 3 kPa O 2 + 10 kPa CO 2 or 5 kPa O 2 + 15 kPa CO 2 resulted in a good storage potential of strawberries for up to 7 days. The modification of the atmosphere in polyethylene bags, using initial concentrations of ambient air also resulted in adequate fruit quality up to 7 days. The use of these atmospheres resulted in the maintenance of the pulp firmness, good fruit color and higher contents of total sugars and of ascorbic acid.

-The objective of this work was to assess the effect of six rootstocks on yield, fruit quality, and growth of 'Oneco' mandarin during the first seven harvesting seasons, in Butiá, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The rootstocks evaluated were: 'Swingle' citrumelo (Citrus paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata

Objetivando a determinação do período de produção de laranjas no município de Eldorado do Sul, Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, foram avaliados parâmetros de maturação de seis cultivares de laranjeiras-doces. O estudo foi realizado durante 6 anos, de 1992 a 1997, com as cultivares, Rubi, Hamlin, Tobias e Pêra-Rio, durante 4 anos com 'Valência' e 3 anos com 'Folha-Murcha', na coleção de citros da Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), situada em Eldorado do Sul-RS, à latitude 30°39'S e longitude 51°06'W, em solo Podzólico Vermelho Amarelo. Quinzenalmente, com início em abril e término em março, foram colhidas amostras de 20 frutos de 5 plantas de cada cultivar; a coleta de amostras começou no início da mudança de coloração da casca do fruto de verde para amarelo. Após a amostragem, os frutos foram acondicionados em sacos de polietileno e armazenados durante 1 a 5 dias a temperaturas entre 4 e 7ºC, até serem analisados, para determinação dos teores percentuais da relação suco/bagaço, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT) e relação SST/ATT. A colheita pode ser iniciada na 2ª quinzena de abril, com laranjas-'Hamlin' e prolongar-se até a 2ª quinzena de fevereiro, com laranjas-'Folha-Murcha'. As laranjas-'Hamlin' podem ser colhidas desde a 2ª quinzena de abril até a 1ª quinzena de outubro; as laranjas-'Rubi' desde a 1ª quinzena de maio até a 2ª quinzena de setembro; as laranjas-'Tobias', desde a 1ª quinzena de julho até a 1ª quinzena de novembro; as laranjas-'Pêra-Rio' desde a 2ª quinzena de agosto até a 1ª quinzena de fevereiro; as laranjas-'Valência' desde a 2ª quinzena de agosto até a 1ª quinzena de janeiro e as laranjas-'Folha-Murcha' desde a 1ª quinzena de setembro até a 2ª quinzena de fevereiro.

To determine the effects of fruit maturity, storage temperature, and controlled atmosphere (CA) on aroma volatiles, mature-green (MG) and tree-ripe (TR) `Tommy Atkins' mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) were stored for 21 days in air or in CA (5% O2 plus 10% or 25% CO2). The MG fruit were stored at 12 °C and the TR fruit at either 8 or 12 °C. Homogenized mesocarp tissue from fruit that had ripened for 2 days in air at 20 °C after the 21-day storage period was used for aroma volatile analysis. The TR mangoes produced much higher levels of all aroma volatiles except hexanal than did MG fruit. Both MG and TR mangoes stored in 25% CO2 tended to have lower terpene (especially p-cymene) and hexanal concentrations than did those stored in 10% CO2 and air-stored fruit. Acetaldehyde and ethanol levels tended to be higher in TR mangoes from 25% CO2 than in those from 10% CO2 or air storage, especially at 8 °C. Inhibition of volatile production by 25% CO2 was greater in MG than in TR mangoes, and at 8 °C compared to 12 °C for TR fruit. However, aroma volatile levels in TR mangoes from the 25% CO2 treatment were in all cases equal to or greater than those in MG fruit treatments. The results suggest that properly selected atmospheres, which prolong mango shelf life by slowing ripening processes, can allow TR mangoes to be stored or shipped without sacrificing their superior aroma quality.

Exposure to hypoxic O2 levels has been reported to result in better epidermal color, higher titratable acidity and soluble solids levels, delayed softening and reduced ethylene production and respiratory activity in many fruit species. Mangoes have been shown to tolerate short term (4 days) exposures to O2 concentrations below 0.5% with beneficial effects on firmness retention and maintenance of ground color. In the present work, `Haden' mangoes were stored for 14 days at 15°C with O2 levels ranging from 2% to 5% and compared to an air control and an atmosphere of 25% CO2 in air. `Tommy Atkins' mangoes were stored under the same treatments at 12°C for 21 days. After storage at 12 or 15°C the mangoes were transferred to air at 20°C for 5 days. Ethanol production rates during controlled atmosphere (CA) storage were significantly higher at O2 levels of 4% and below. Respiration (CO2 production) rates were reduced during CA storage but did not differ from the control after transfer to air. There were no differences in ethylene production as well as in flesh firmness, titratable acidity and total sugars. The ground color of mangoes kept under the lowest O2 concentration and under 25% CO2 was greener, as indicated by higher hue angles, than in the other treatments upon transfer to air at 20°C. However, only the mangoes stored under high CO2 maintained higher hue angles during the subsequent 5 days at 20°C.