To assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on parameters of insulin sensitivity/resistance (IS/IR) and insulin secretion in subjects with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A prospective double-blind randomized control trial was conducted to assess the effect of vitamin D on insulin kinetics in women with PCOS. The trial was conducted in a tertiary care research hospital. A total of 36 subjects with PCOS, aged 18–35 years, were included in this study. Vitamin D3 4000 IU/day versus placebo was given once a month for 6 months and both groups received metformin. IS (by whole-body IS index or Matsuda index), IR (by homeostasis model assessment IR (HOMA-IR)), and insulin secretion (by insulinogenic index; II30) were the main outcome measures. Secondary outcome included blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, disposition index (DI), and vascular stiffness. Out of 36 subjects who consented, 32 completed the study. Subjects were randomized into two groups: group A (n=15; metformin and vitamin D 4000 IU/day) or group B (n=17; metformin and placebo). Oral glucose tolerance tests with 75 g glucose were carried out at baseline and 6 months after supplementation. Hypovitaminosis D was observed in 93.8% of all subjects with mean serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D level of 7.30±4.45 ng/ml. After 6 months of vitamin D supplementation, there was no significant difference in any of the parameters of IS/IR (area under curve (AUC)–glucose, AUC–insulin, insulin:glucose ratio, HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, insulinogenic index, and DI), II30, and cardiovascular risk factors between the two groups. Supplementation of vitamin D, at a dose of 4000 IU/day for 6 months, did not have any significant effect on parameters of IS/IR and insulin secretion in subjects with PCOS.

Fortification of milk with vitamin D is an effective and safe strategy in improving S.25(OH)D levels in children aged 10-14 years.

Supplementing 60,000 IU of vitamin D3 per week for 4-8 weeks, followed by 600 IU daily through fortified milk, is an effective strategy for achieving vitamin D sufficiency in Indian adolescents.

No abstract

Size-corrected WB BMC of GHD children were comparable with controls, and bones were normally adapted for muscle mass. Determinants of bone strength which may primarily be affected by GHD are muscle mass, bone size, and geometry rather than bone mass.

Purpose: Peak bone mass - a key determinant of osteoporotic fractures result from bone accretion starting form intrauterine life to early adulthood. Optimal skeletal growth in-utero and infancy may offer protection against osteoporosis in adult life. We attempted to pool the data from available literature to get a consensus on average bone mass among healthy newborns (age ≤30 days after birth). Methods: Systematic review was conducted (PRISMA guidelines) to generate pooled estimates of bone mass parameters at whole body (WB) and lumbar spine (LS), based on both fixed and random effect models of meta-analyses. Two investigators independently carried out a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar and Embase. Meta-regression was applied to further explore causes of heterogeneity. Results: Out of a total 2703 studies, 2682 was excluded leaving 21 studies for final analysis. Thirteen studies reported bone mass by Hologic ® and eight by Lunar ® . The pooled WBBMC was 66.2g (95% CI 65.4 to 67.05 by fixed effect model, while the corresponding parameter for LS was 2.3g (95% CI 2.2 to 2.4). The subgroup and meta-regression analyses done for controlling potential confounders did not significantly affect heterogeneity. Conclusion: We generated the pooled estimate of bone mass (WBBMC) among healthy newborn subjects. There was high degree of heterogeneity among studies.

Background:High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been reported throughout the India for all age groups. Increased awareness about VDD among treating physicians has led to increased prescriptions of vitamin D preparations. Based on our experience of varied clinical and radiological response with different vitamin D formulations, we decided to assess cholecalciferol content of commonly available vitamin D formulations.Materials and Methods:We measured cholecalciferol content of 14 commercial preparations (two in the form of tablets and 12 as sachet) available in Indian market. Lab analysis was carried out in Shriram Institute for Industrial Research by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results:Of the total 14 samples analyzed only 4 (28.57%) were found to be within the acceptable ranges from −90 to +125% as defined by Indian Pharmacopia while 5 (35.7%) had higher and 5 (35.7%) had lower than the acceptable range. The percentage variation in cholecalciferol content as observed from the printed ranged widely from −91% to +65%.Conclusions:Our study shows a high degree of variability in cholecalciferol content of commercial preparations available in the Indian pharmaceutical market. This variation has many clinical implications as it may lead both, under treatment as well as vitamin D toxicity.

Objective:Linear growth is best estimated by serial anthropometric data or height velocity (HV). In the absence of recent data on growth velocity, we undertook to establish normative data in apparently healthy North Indian children.Materials and Methods:Prospective longitudinal study in a representative sample of 7710 apparently healthy children, aged 3–17 years from different regions of Delhi. Height was measured at baseline and at 12 months while pubertal examination was performed at baseline in a subset of children.Results:The data on HV and puberty were available in 5635 participants (73.08%; 2341 boys and 3294 girls) and 1553 participants (622 boys; and 931 girls), respectively. The mean peak height velocity (PHV) was 7.82 ± 2.60 cm in boys seen at 12–12.9 years and 6.63 ± 1.81 cm in girls at 10–10.9 years Although late maturing boys had a greater HV than early or normal maturers, it did not vary with the age of pubertal maturation in girls. HV correlated with parental height in prepubertal boys, girls, and pubertal boys (P < 0.01) while no correlation was seen in girls.Conclusions:The study presents normal height velocities in North Indian children. A secular trend was observed in achieving PHV in both boys and girls.