A gradient elution high‐performance liquid chromatographic method with a diode array detector is introduced for the first time for the simultaneous estimation of three drugs, namely, oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OXT), lidocaine (LDC), and bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH), in a veterinary formulation (OxyClear® solution) that contains many interfering additives. The method used a C‐8 column. The chromatographic eluting solution included acidified water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water) and acetonitrile at a 1‐ml/min flow rate and 254 nm as a nominated detection wavelength. The chromatographic process was assessed in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. OXT, LDC, and BRH were linear in the range of 1–60, 5–100, and 1–60 μg/ml, respectively. The three drugs were determined successfully without the interference of three excipients having UV absorbances. Furthermore, the purities of the peaks of the three drugs were confirmed by comparing the UV spectra of investigated peaks to the UV reference spectra in Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. The greenness value of the method was 0.69 with a faint green‐colored pictogram using the AGREE tool. These merits recommend the application of the planned method in QC laboratories for purity testing and concentration assays for the pure drugs and commercial formulations.
This work represents the extraction of cottonseed oil using subcritical water. The extraction efficiencies of different range temperatures (180-280 C), having mean particle size range from 3 mm to less than 0.5 mm, water:seed ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1, and extraction times in the range of 5-60 min were all investigated. The composition of the extracted oil, using the subcritical water, was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography and compared with that extracted using traditional hexane extraction. The results showed that the optimum temperature, mean particle size, water:seed ratio, and extraction time were 270 C, \0.5 mm, 2:1, and 30 min, respectively. In addition the extracted oil was identical to that extracted using the traditional hexane method.
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