Simultaneous analysis of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, lidocaine, and bromhexine hydrochloride in the presence of many interfering excipients

Abstract

A gradient elution high‐performance liquid chromatographic method with a diode array detector is introduced for the first time for the simultaneous estimation of three drugs, namely, oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OXT), lidocaine (LDC), and bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH), in a veterinary formulation (OxyClear® solution) that contains many interfering additives. The method used a C‐8 column. The chromatographic eluting solution included acidified water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water) and acetonitrile at a 1‐ml/min flow rate and 254 nm as a nominated detection wavelength. The chromatographic process was assessed in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. OXT, LDC, and BRH were linear in the range of 1–60, 5–100, and 1–60 μg/ml, respectively. The three drugs were determined successfully without the interference of three excipients having UV absorbances. Furthermore, the purities of the peaks of the three drugs were confirmed by comparing the UV spectra of investigated peaks to the UV reference spectra in Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. The greenness value of the method was 0.69 with a faint green‐colored pictogram using the AGREE tool. These merits recommend the application of the planned method in QC laboratories for purity testing and concentration assays for the pure drugs and commercial formulations.

Chromatographic analysis of bromhexine and oxytetracycline residues in milk as a drug analysis medium with greenness profile appraisal

“…Many columns of different lengths and polarities were examined, and the XBridge® C 18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was chosen. Based on the reported method, 34 the mobile phase was acetonitrile and acidic water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid). With the aim of applying green chemistry principles, hazardous and toxic materials such as trifluroacetic acid and acetonitrile were replaced with greener ones such as acetic acid and ethanol.…”

“…The aim of this work is to develop simple, rapid, reproducible, and sensitive TLC and RP-HPLC methods for the determination of OTC and BR with the sensitivity required for their analysis in milk samples. The developed RP-HPLC method has the advantages over the reported one 34 of being more sensitive, using greener solvents and producing lower amounts of waste, which guarantees the protection of both researchers and the environment by substituting harmful solvents such as acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid with safer alternatives like ethanol and acetic acid. Additionally, the TLC method is time- and cost-effective, and it is the first developed TLC method for analysis of the studied drugs in the complex matrix of milk.…”

Quantitative Analysis of Abamectin, Albendazole, Levamisole HCl and Closantel in Q-DRENCH Oral Suspension Using a Stability-Indicating HPLC-DAD Method

“…Therefore, the addition of ABA and/or CLO greatly increases animals’ protection from recurrent infection [ 3 ]. Simultaneous analysis methods for drug mixtures are strongly desired in daily analysis in QC entities in pharmaceutical firms and both governmental and private drug investigation centers [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

“…Developing one chromatographic condition for the quantitative analysis of complex drug mixtures is not an easy task in analytical chemistry laboratories, where many trials performed by expert analysts are needed, in addition to the scientific prediction of the chromatographic behaviors of drugs, which are usually related to their chemical structures. A UV detector is the most prevalent detector in HPLC methods; it was successfully used for the analysis of hepatoprotective drugs, vitamin E, and veterinary mixtures [ 7 , 10 ]. The greenness qualities of analytical techniques should be considered during their development and validation [ 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

A new green approach for the reduction of consumed solvents and simultaneous quality control analysis of several pharmaceuticals using a fast and economic RP-HPLC method; a case study for a mixture of piracetam, ketoprofen and omeprazole drugs

“…High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most frequently used techniques for the determination of drugs, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] natural products, [9][10][11][12][13] foods, [14][15][16][17][18] and important environmental markers. [19][20][21][22][23][24] Quality control analysis is a vital step to ensure correct dosage during production, but the routine analysis for each pharmaceutical formulation alone results in a large amount of hazardous chemical waste.…”