A high proportion of adolescents have experimented with smoking. After adjusting for confounding variables, the factors most strongly associated with cigarette experimentation were maternal level of education, age of the adolescent, attending school in the evening, having been held back for one school year and having a sibling who smokes. Preventive measures must be directed at adolescents in schools in order to control smoking.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dietary quality of adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of adults (n=195), aged 20-50 years, of both genders, from a population-based study in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Food consumption data was collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition data were also collected. Diet quality was analyzed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. The associations were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score was 75.2 points (CI95%=74.2-76.1), which differed significantly between the genders (p=0.03). Women had higher scores for whole fruit and sodium (p<0.01), while men had higher scores for oils, nuts, and fish fat (p=0.02). Individuals aged >30 years had higher total Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score and higher scores for the groups whole fruit; saturated fat; and calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugar (p<0.01). The Poisson regression between high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised and the independent variables showed that high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised was associated with being female, being aged 30 years or more, and being from families whose household head had 8 or more years of formal education. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised were age, gender, and education level of the household head.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility and relative validity and calibrate the dietary intake assessment of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) using a random sample of 195 adults aged 20 to 50 years from the Central-West Region of Brazil. The reference method used by the study was two 24-hour recalls (24hR) that provided energy-adjusted deattenuated food intake data for comparison purposes. With respect to reproducibility, the average weighted kappa was 0.43 and exact agreement was 41.5%. With regard to relative validity, correlation coefficients ranged from 0.32 (thiamin) to 0.51 (carbohydrates), with a mean of 0.41. Deattenuation and adjustment for energy intake decreased most correlation coefficients in relation to crude values. The food frequency questionnaire showed good reliability and moderate validity for most nutrients based on classification into quartiles of energy and nutrient intake. The calibrated means of the FFQ were more similar to the means estimated from the 24hR and showed lower standard deviation.

OBJETIVO: Descrever a construção de um Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA) para utilização em estudos que visem à obtenção de dados sobre o consumo alimentar de adultos de Cuiabá, MT. MÉTODOS: Um inquérito recordatório de 24 horas (R24h) foi aplicado em uma subamostra de 104 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, selecionados aleatoriamente a partir de uma amostra probabilística de estudo de base populacional. Considerando-se frequência de citação e contribuição para o consumo de energia e nutrientes dos alimentos citados nos R24h foram selecionados 81 itens alimentares e as respectivas porções de referência, que foram aquelas mais frequentemente relatadas nos R24h. A lista do QFA foi gerada com oito categorias de resposta para a frequência de consumo. RESULTADOS: Os itens alimentares citados por mais de 50% da amostra foram o açúcar, café, feijão, arroz, carne, pão e refrigerante, sendo que os quatro últimos também foram os que mais contribuíram para o consumo energético. Não se observaram diferenças entre homens e mulheres nos alimentos que mais contribuíram para a ingestão de macro e micronutrientes. CONCLUSÃO: O QFA foi desenvolvido com a inclusão dos itens alimentares de maior relevância para a dieta da população adulta de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. Comprovadas sua validade e reprodutibilidade, este instrumento será útil em investigações epidemiológicas e clínicas sobre o possível papel da dieta no desenvolvimento de enfermidades nessa população.