Two filed experiments were carried out at a private farm in Behaira Governorate, Egypt during 2012 and 2013 summer seasons. Experiments aimed to study the effect of two widely marketing (commercial safe compounds). First, is a seaweed extract (with commercial name of sea weed) at 1, 2 and 4 ml/l while the second is a mixture of free amino acids (with plant origin and commercially name is sway) at 2,4and 8 ml/l and seaweed at 2 ml/l + amino acids at 4 ml/. The two compounds were applied as foliar spray three times on common bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) starting at 25 days of plant age with 10 days intervals between each spray and others. The obtained results clearly indicate that different applied treatments increased estimated or measured growth characteristics i.e., plant height, stem diameter, number of branches and leaves/ plant, total leaf area /plant, dry weight of shoots and specific growth rate as well as paralley increase of photosynthetic pigments and total chlorophyll SPDS with increasing seaweed and amino acid sprayed levels at the age of 65 days after sowing during 2012 and 2013 seasons. As for the yield and yield components i.e., number of pods/plant, pod weight (g) , number of seeds per pod, number of fully seeds /plant, , weight of 100 seeds (g), number of seeds/ plant, seed yield (g) /plant and the harvest index. Also, biochemical constituents of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, Total carbohydrates and crude protein in leaves at 65 days of plant age were existed in the two assigned seasons. In addition, the most effective treatments was that of sea weed at 2 ml/l combined with the amino acids at 4 ml/l was the most effective treatment in this respect.

Iron (Fe) is required for most metabolic processes, including DNA synthesis, respiration, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll biosynthesis; however, Fe deficiency is common in arid regions, necessitating additional research to determine the most efficient form of absorbance. Nano-fertilizers have characteristics that are not found in their traditional equivalents. This research was implemented on Washington navel orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) to investigate the effect of three iron forms—nano (Fe-NPs), sulfate (FeSO4), and chelated (Fe-chelated)—as a foliar spray on the growth, fruiting aspects, and nutritional status of these trees compared to control. The highest values of the tested parameters were reported when the highest Fe-NPs level and the highest Fe-chelated (EDTA) rate were used. Results obtained here showed that the spraying of the Washington navel orange trees grown under similar environmental conditions and horticulture practices adopted in the current experiment with Fe-NPs (nanoform) and/or Fe-chelated (EDTA) at 0.1% is a beneficial application for enhancing vegetative growth, flower set, tree nutritional status, and fruit production and quality. Application of Fe-NPs and Fe-chelated (EDTA, 0.1%) increased yield by 32.0% and 25% and total soluble solids (TSS) by 18.5% and 17.0%, respectively, compared with control. Spraying Washington navel orange trees with nano and chelated iron could be considered a significant way to improve vegetative growth, fruit production, quality, and nutritional status while also being environmentally preferred in the arid regions.

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This work investigated the effects of potassium mineral fertilizers, combined with biofertilizers (T1–T4 treatments) and the foliar spraying of seaweed extract (at 1 g/L, 2 g/L, and 3 g/L) on the vegetative growth characters, chemical constituents of foliage, and the yield and quality parameters of globe artichoke. The maximum height, and the fresh and dry weight of the leaves, was recorded in plants that received only soil with added potassium (T1 treatment) and sprayed with seaweed extract at 3 g/L. Furthermore, the highest number of offshoots per plant was registered in the T2 treatment combined with seaweed extract (3 g/L). T1 and T2 treatments resulted in the highest values of leaf N, P, K, and total carbohydrate content when combined with seaweed extract (3 g/L). The highest numbers of early, late, and total heads per plant were obtained for the T1 treatment and seaweed extract (3 g/L). Similarly, most of the head quality parameters were beneficially affected by the T2 treatment and seaweed extract (3 g/L). In conclusion, it is suggested that soil application of mineral potassium fertilizer (75% of RD) combined with biofertilizer (25% of RD) and the foliar spraying of seaweed extracts at 3 g/L, was most beneficial for the yield and quality parameters of globe artichoke plants.

Two field experiments in randomized complete Block design (RCBD) were conducted at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture Moshtohor, Benha university, Egypt during 2016 and 2017 seasons to study the effect of Putrescine at 5 and 10 mg/L, Benzyl adenine (BA) at 20 and 40 mg/L and yeast extract at 50 and 100 ml/L on growth, photosynthetic pigments, phytohormones content, anatomical structures, flowering, characteristics; seed fuelling and yield of Soybeans (Glycine max L.) plants. Results showed that different applied treatments increased growth characteristics i.e., (plant height, leaf number, leaf area, branches number, fresh & dry weights as well as the photosynthetic pigments and the endogenous phytohormones content. Also, stem and leaf anatomy measurements were increased especially (stem and leaf vascular and transporter tissues. In addition, flower setting was increased with putrescine, BA and yeast extract during 2016 and 2017 seasons. Also, yield and its characteristics were increased especially upper fully seeds, seed yield weight/plant during both seasons.

Sweet pepperincludes several vitamins and is regarded as a great source of bioactive nutrients, such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds, for human growth and activities. This work aimed to investigate the effects of the soil addition of growth stimulants, namely, effective microorganisms (EM), compost tea, fulvic acid, and yeast extract, and foliar applications of seaweed extract, on the vegetative growth, enzyme activity, phytohormones content, chemical constituents of plant foliage, fruit yield, and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuumL. cv. Zidenka) growing under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the tallest plant, largest leaf area/plant, and heaviest plant fresh and dry weights were recorded after combining a soil addition of yeast extract and foliar spray with seaweed extracts at 3 g/L in two growing seasons. The highest number of fruit/plant, fruit yield/m2, fruit values of vitamin C (VC), total sugars, total soluble solids (TSS), and carotenoids, along with the highest leaf of cytokines, P, K, Fe, and total carbohydrates values, were obtained using a soil addition of fulvic acid and spray with seaweed extract at 3 g/L in the two seasons of study. These treatments also provided the lowest abscisic acid, peroxidase, and super oxidase dismutase values in the same conditions. Sweet pepper plants supplemented with compost tea and seaweed extract foliar spray at 3 g/L were the most promising for inducing the highest values of fruit fresh and dry weights, fruit length and diameter, and the leavesrichest in N, Zn, and Mn; inversely, it induced the lowest catalase levels in both seasons. The applications of EM, yeast extract, and seaweed extract could be applied for high growth, mineral levels, enzymatic activity, fruit yield, and nutritional value of sweet pepper fruit and minimizing environmental pollution.

Two field experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 summer seasons in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha University to study the effects of spraying cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cv. Balady with mineral nutrients i.e., potassium (K 2 O) at 2g/l, chelated calcium (Ca) at 2g/l, micronic sulphur (S) at 5g/l, boric acid at 100mg/l and antioxidants salicylic acid (SA) at 50mg/l, citric acid at 2g/l and amino acids at 2ml/l all of these materials are dissolved before spraying either in normal water (30±1) or in cold water (4±1). Growth and head production including some quality characteristics were investigated. The obtained results revealed that cold water showed positive and significant effect in case of non-consumable outer leaves and those inner and consumable ones as well as the fresh weight of formed heads. As for the interaction effects of nutrients and the antioxidants dominantly were significantly and positively affects different estimated growth and productivity aspects. Also, results confirmed the beneficial effects of applying such low costs treatments to minimize different disorders those facing cabbage production in high temperature summer plantings. These beneficial effects of such applied treatments were prolonged to the quality characteristic of formed heads with high and rich edible value.

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