Background:Child marriage defined by UNICEF as marriage before 18 years of age is a reality for more than 60 million women worldwide.1 The practice has become increasingly recognised as a human rights violation 2,3 and has decreased worldwide during the past 20 years.

Background: Most of the adolescents of remote areas of Nepal lack the basic knowledge about sex due to which they are suffering from various sex related problems. Objective: To identify the level of knowledge and attitude about sex, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) especially HIV/AIDS and their prevention in adolescents. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in various secondary schools of Dhankuta district involving 200 adolescent students aged between 13 to19 years. Collected data was entered in microsoft excel and analysed.Results: Regarding safe sex, most of the students (26%) believe that safe sex is having sex with single partner only and about 13% percent of them had no idea about safe sex. Most of them (94%) think that HIV/AIDs can be transmitted from one person to another person from unsafe sexual contact. Most of the students (93%) believe that avoiding sex with multiple partners could prevent from getting HIV/AIDs. Conclusion: The perception about sexually transmitted diseases varies among school students. Some still had misconception regarding the route and cause of transmission of STI.

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infestation of the central nervous system and is one of the major public health problems in developing nations like Nepal. This study was conducted to find out total number of neurocysticercosis cases in BPKIHS from 2005 to 2013 AD and to know the duration for which cases were admitted and improvement seen in them. This is a hospital based retrospective study conducted from 31st March to 13th April 2014 to see the number of NCC in B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan of Nepal, a tertiary level referral hospital in the Eastern Nepal. It was study in which secondary data, consistent with the diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis was collected from the Medical Record Section of BPKIHS and reviewed. One hundred fourteen cases of neurocysticercosis were enrolled. The patients were predominantly males (nearly 63.2%) and it was more commonly seen in 2-20 years age group (42%). Most of the cases were from Sunsari District. Most of the patients (63.2%) were admitted in Medicine wards. Almost 90.4% of admitted Neurocysticercosis cases were improved in BPKIHS. The trend of Neurocysticercosis cases did not show any showed any consistent pattern in the past nine years. We conclude that the problem of Neurocysticercosis is common and has become a key public health concern for all.

Antenatal care is provided during pregnancy to save lives of mother and foetus. The World Health Organization recommends four focused visits as sufficient for normal pregnancy. The objective of this study was to find out the antenatal care practices and its impact on birth outcome.The cross-sectional study was conducted from 28th March to 10th April, 2013 among the residents of Dhankuta municipality where 246 households were taken as subjects. Convenient purposive sampling technique was applied. Semi-structured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the significant difference between sociodemographic characteristics and outcome variable i.e. birth outcome & antenatal care visits. Almost eighty eight percent of respondents attended ANC visits.The findings revealed that even though the fourth ANC visit was (82.4%), almost 82.5% of the pregnant women took the tetanus toxoid (TT) injections, about 81.7% received iron tablets and nearly 57.7% received albendazole. Women with School Leaving Certificate and higher education level are more likely to ANC visits (95.4%) than women with below SLC (87.9%) and no education (66.7%). Hindu women are more likely to have ANC visits (91.2%) compared to women of other religion (47.4%) (P<0.001). Furthermore, economic variable shows stronger association with ANC visits (P<0.001). We conclude that the women of the surveyed communities have placed antenatal care as priority. Lack of money and education led some of the respondents not to attend the recommended antenatal care visits. Antenatal care checkup is important for favourable birth outcome.

Retirement, change in housing, illness or death of spouse greatly affect the physical and mental well-being of the geriatric person. This study aims to find out the health status of geriatric age group in chitawan district of Nepal. A cross sectional study was carried out among 300 geriatric people where 15.7% of the geriatric were living alone, 50.3 % and 39.7% of geriatrics gave history of regular use of tobacco and alcohol respectively.Co-morbidities were found in 63% of geriatrics who suffered from 2 or more diseases. In Total 44% were found to have Ophthalmic problems, 23% were found to have ENT problems, 5.33% were found to mental disorders, 33% were found to have CVS problems, 43% were found to have GI problems, 15.67 % were found to have Metabolic disorder. The study highlighted a high prevalence of morbidity and health related problems in geriatric age groups.