In this study, velour design molded automotive carpets made of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers were developed via needle-punching process to improve their abrasion resistance properties. Initially, virgin PET fibers and recycled PET (rPET) fibers derived from PET bottle wastes were supplied from different producers and they were tested in terms of their fiber properties such as fiber length, crimp, tensile strength, elongation, tenacity, and intrinsic viscosity. It was demonstrated that recycled fibers from bottle wastes used in the study have lower tenacity and higher elongation than virgin PET fibers. In the second part, rPET fibers to be used in manufacturing in terms of their desired properties were selected. Subsequently, molded automotive carpets were produced from the selected rPET fibers and virgin PET fiber blends with adjusted manufacturing and molding parameters. Developed carpets were tested for abrasion resistance performance and they were evaluated according to requested specification. Results showed that carpets made of 85% rPET + 15% bicomponent PET had almost equal performance in terms of both fiber loss and carpet appearances with carpets consisting of 80% PET + 20% bicomponent PET. Carpets made of recycled PET fibers offer the manufacturer low raw material costs in addition to ecological advantages.

High-pressure drop and lower dust holding capacity reduce the performance of nanofibrous air filters. For that reason, this study was carried out to form filters with high-quality factor and high dust holding capacity, thanks to the glass particle additives. In this study, as an approach to such modifications, fluffy nanofiber webs were produced via solution blowing. Polyamide 6 (PA6) was chosen as the base for the nanofibrous mats, where glass microparticles were embedded as an additive to reduce web solidity. The effects of glass microparticle embedding on the filtration performance and pressure drop of the mats were investigated. SEM analysis was performed to analyze nanofiber diameter and morphology. Also, the barrier properties of samples were examined by air filtration and air permeability tests. Findings showed that the addition of glass particles did not alter fiber morphology significantly. However, lowering the pressure drop resulted in higher air permeability and better filtration performance in terms of the quality factor. Glass particles embedded composite samples exhibited a higher quality factor compared to the neat PA6 sample, and the PA6 + 5%GP sample has the highest quality factor value around 0.43. The filtration efficiency of this sample was 99.97% at an expense of 187.3 Pa pressure drop. The obtained enhancement was conducted to the lower solidity of composite webs which was 36% lower for the PA6 + 5%GP sample.

a b s t r a c tThe washability issue is always a challenge for electronic textiles in terms of application. It reduces their reliability, makes them not robust enough, and therefore not ready for the market. In this study, a novel protocol was designed to test the performance of conductive threads under wet situation in order to simulate the washing cycle. In this content, two commercially available silver-plated polyamide threads having the same thread count were used and washing results of each thread were discussed. Transmission lines with silver-plated polyamide threads onto cotton woven fabric were produced via sewing (single-line stitch) and embroidery techniques (three-line stitch) to improve the conductivity and robustness. For the simulation of the wash process, Martindale abrasion tester was used under wet and dry conditions. Moreover, felts of abrasion tester and transmission lines were put into different solutions, i.e., water, water with standardized detergent and water with commercially available detergent. After wetting specimens, abrasion tests were performed on transmission lines, and linear electrical resistance measurements were recorded with the multi meter before abrasion and every 1500 cycles up to 4500 cycles in wet conditions and also after drying the transmission lines. Finally, abrasion impact on silver-plated polyamide threads was investigated by optical microscope. It has been found that silver coating on the conductive thread was damaged when subjected to abrasion cycles, especially in wet states. Water itself has stress impact on samples provoking the electrical resistance increase rapidly. Commercial detergent with water was found to have the most damaging effect on the conductive threads because of extra particles presence to enhance the washing performance. In terms of integration methods, better electrical conductivity values were achieved in three-line embroidery transmission lines due to multiple interconnection points in the embroidery network.

A novel polymeric flame retardant with phosphorous–nitrogen synergism (PVP (PR)-P-DCDA) was synthesized by polyvinyl alcohol, hydrophilic polyester resin, phosphoric acid, and dicyandiamide. 100% polyester, 100% cotton, and 50/50% cotton–polyester blended fabrics were treated with PVP (PR)-P-DCDA by impregnation method. Flammability characteristics, thermal decomposition, surface morphology, and chemical structure of treated and untreated fabrics were investigated by vertical flammability test, limiting oxygen index, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. Results showed that PVP (PR)-P-DCDA is an eco-friendly flame retardant system, a good char-forming flame retardant agent with superior ease of application for cotton, polyester, and cotton/polyester blends. At the industrial scale, the flame retardant agent PVP (PR)-PDCDA has been commercialized under the name Fire-off EBR.

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With the increases of the expected properties of textile products, better and advanced new designs are being created. Textiles used in vehicles are increasing, and the current performance of the expectations bar is determined by automobile manufacturers. While meeting the expectations of users in the vehicle mechanically, but also disturbing the user during operation of the mechanical properties of this ratio should be minimized. This study was intended to minimize sound transmission of nonwoven textile components, which are used in cars as silencer parts. For that purpose, four different models were developed in this study. First model consists of three designs for baggage carpets. Second model has six designs for floor coverings. Third model comprises two designs inner dash felt and finally fourth model includes two designs of hood liners. The acoustical absorption coefficients and transmission loss of these carpets were tested and evaluated in the frequency range of 16-6300 Hz. The measurements demonstrated that nonwoven layer is a very significant and effective part of a carpet due to its contribution in the sound isolation. With this study, it has been determined which layer has better performance on sound absorption and transmission loss among different carpet types. A combination of heavy layer and nonwoven layer carpets is found to be benefit for noise and sound insulation.

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