O estudo identificou os tipos de suporte social oferecido pelo parceiro sexual da mulher com câncer de mama e verificou como este apoio é percebido por eles. Participaram do estudo nove parceiros de mulheres nessa condição. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os parceiros se perceberam como importantes elementos de suporte social para as suas esposas oferecendo afeto, estímulo ao auto cuidado e auxílio nos afazeres domésticos. Revelaram dificuldades enfrentadas ao oferecer suporte social as quais estavam relacionadas à esfera sexual, aos canais de comunicação, à sensação de impotência e insegurança para lidar com as implicações do diagnóstico e reorganizar as atividades domésticas.
The diagnosis of cancer, in general, and of breast cancer in particular has the potential to cause a psychosocial instability not only in the person with the disease, but also in the family context. Therefore, the author aimed at identifying the perceptions of family members about the family dynamics after breast cancer, as well as the differences regarding: family composition, gender, age, literacy level and occupation. This was an exploratory and descriptive research with 23 family members of 10 families of women with breast cancer. In order to collect data, the author used individual interviews that were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed through content analysis, aiming at identifying the thematic units related to the family dynamics as described by Barnhill. The results revealed that the family members, independently of their age, literacy level and occupation, showed positive aspects of the family dynamics. Regarding the feminine gender, this in the view of husband and children was placed in an important position in the reorganization of the family unit. The findings showed that the breast cancer in a family member causes alterations in the family dynamics and, on the other hand, the families use the potentials of each member, in particular, in the search for family stability.
The aim of this study was to know how female and male family members perceive their family dynamics after breast cancer. Barnhill's proposal of a healthy family functional model served as the theoretical framework for this qualitative research. The data was obtained through interviews and submitted to content analysis. The results showed that, in the adaptation process to breast cancer, both genders use clear communication in order to achieve family balance and present interactions characterized by mutual and individual feelings. The responsibility for maintaining the family is attributed to the daughters, whereas the male elements show more disorganization with regard to family functions. The bond between family members of both genders who are affected by breast cancer shows important interactions in the identity process.Descriptors: Breast Neoplasms; Family; Gender Identity; Nursing. familias. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas y sometidos al análisis de contenido. Los resultados mostraron que, en el proceso de adaptación al cáncer de mama, ambos géneros utilizan la comunicación clara para la búsqueda del equilibrio familiar y presentan interacciones caracterizadas por sentimientos de mutualidad e individuación. A las hijas es atribuida la responsabilidad por la manutención de la familia y los elementos del género masculino demuestran mayor desorganización en el funcionamiento familiar. El vínculo de los familiares de ambos géneros, que experimentan el cáncer de mama, presenta interacciones importantes en el proceso de identidad.Descriptores: Neoplasias de la Mama; Familia; Identidad de Género; Enfermería. IntroductionThe confirmation of a breast cancer diagnosis confronts women and their families with difficult decisions and coping experiences. This disease turns into a great challenge in a family's life, as none of its members remains untouched, sometimes causing changes in the configurations established among them, which imposes an important challenge on the family group's ability to remain relatively organized while adapting to the different needs (1) . Health professionals should be sensitized to the extent of recognizing the family as a complex phenomenon that needs support, mainly in breast cancer situations, as these demand significant changes in family dynamics.Family-centered care involves all of its members and special importance is given to the relations established among them, considered as one of the determinants of the health/disease process (2) . Clarifications on the disease and the type of treatment to be followed favor health promotion, making patients more independent to take care of themselves and perform other activities related to the environment and the family conducts and behaviors that promote family balance are commonly observed in the family unit, revealing that the family needs to pay attention in order to identify conflicting situations, which its members may expose so as to avoid the emergence of irreparable disagreements in the future (4) . A study appoints t...
O estudo teve como objetivo identificar as percepções de familiares sobre a dinâmica de suas famílias após o câncer de mama em um dos seus membros. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que tomou como referencial teórico o modelo de funcionamento familiar saudável proposto por Barnhill (1979). Participaram 23 familiares constituintes de 10 famílias. Os dados foram coletados, no período de maio a junho de 2002, por meio de entrevistas, e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram aspectos positivos na dinâmica das famílias. A percepção dos processos de identidade, através da individuação e mutualidade, favoreceram a compreensão da dinâmica familiar. Os achados mostraram que o câncer de mama tem a capacidade de provocar alterações na família, e esta se utilizou dos potenciais de cada membro em particular na busca da estabilidade familiar.
RESUMO -O estudo objetivou adaptar e validar a Family Dynamics Measure II para uso com famílias de mulheres com câncer de mama. O processo incluiu tradução, retrotradução, análise da equivalência semântica pela autora principal do instrumento, análise semântica por amostra da população-alvo, análise de conteúdo por juízes e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da escala aplicada a 251 familiares de mulheres com câncer de mama. Obteve-se versão adaptada com fidedignidade geral boa (α = 0,90); a análise fatorial não confirmou a dimensionalidade teórica do instrumento original; as correlações com a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar foram invertidas e de baixa a moderada intensidade. A escala foi considerada válida para uso no Brasil. Novos estudos foram sugeridos para fortalecer as evidências.Palavras-chave: escala; dinâmica familiar; oncologia. Family Dynamics Measure II Adaptation and Validation to Family Members of Women with Breast CancerABSTRACT -The study aimed to adapt and validate the Family Dynamics Measure II for use with families of women with breast cancer. The process included translation, back-translation, semantic equivalence analysis by the instrument's main author, semantic analysis per sample of the target population, content validity analysis by judges and evaluation of psychometric properties of the scale applied to 251 relatives of women with breast cancer. It was obtained an adapted version with good reliability (α=0.90); factor analysis did not confirm the theoretical dimensionality of the original instrument; correlations with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were inverted, and from low to moderate intensity. The scale was considered valid for use in Brazil. Further studies are suggested to strengthen the evidence.
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