BackgroundA third of new cases of breast cancer could be detected early, which would prevent more serious consequences, such as mastectomy and death. Access to the subjectivity of mastectomized patients becomes relevant to elucidate failures in early detection of breast cancer and thus improve the cancer care network. Given that, the present study aimed to identify mastectomized women’s perception of the quality of care provided by the cancer care network for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.MethodsQualitative study carried out at a public outpatient cancer center in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, to analyze the perceptions of 26 women who had undergone mastectomy after breast cancer based on Symbolic Interactionism.ResultsThe thematic analysis showed how women (re)structure their lives in the face of the structural and social aspects of coping with breast. Two essential themes emerged: “Contradictions regarding access to primary health care services and obstacles to the organization of SUS formal care network services” and “The informal and private health care network increase quality care coverage”.ConclusionsThe absence of effective measures in Primary Health Care and patients’ ‘pilgrimage’ in the formal health care network have delayed early detection breast cancer.
The aim of this study was to know how female and male family members perceive their family dynamics after breast cancer. Barnhill's proposal of a healthy family functional model served as the theoretical framework for this qualitative research. The data was obtained through interviews and submitted to content analysis. The results showed that, in the adaptation process to breast cancer, both genders use clear communication in order to achieve family balance and present interactions characterized by mutual and individual feelings. The responsibility for maintaining the family is attributed to the daughters, whereas the male elements show more disorganization with regard to family functions. The bond between family members of both genders who are affected by breast cancer shows important interactions in the identity process.Descriptors: Breast Neoplasms; Family; Gender Identity; Nursing. familias. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas y sometidos al análisis de contenido. Los resultados mostraron que, en el proceso de adaptación al cáncer de mama, ambos géneros utilizan la comunicación clara para la búsqueda del equilibrio familiar y presentan interacciones caracterizadas por sentimientos de mutualidad e individuación. A las hijas es atribuida la responsabilidad por la manutención de la familia y los elementos del género masculino demuestran mayor desorganización en el funcionamiento familiar. El vínculo de los familiares de ambos géneros, que experimentan el cáncer de mama, presenta interacciones importantes en el proceso de identidad.Descriptores: Neoplasias de la Mama; Familia; Identidad de Género; Enfermería. IntroductionThe confirmation of a breast cancer diagnosis confronts women and their families with difficult decisions and coping experiences. This disease turns into a great challenge in a family's life, as none of its members remains untouched, sometimes causing changes in the configurations established among them, which imposes an important challenge on the family group's ability to remain relatively organized while adapting to the different needs (1) . Health professionals should be sensitized to the extent of recognizing the family as a complex phenomenon that needs support, mainly in breast cancer situations, as these demand significant changes in family dynamics.Family-centered care involves all of its members and special importance is given to the relations established among them, considered as one of the determinants of the health/disease process (2) . Clarifications on the disease and the type of treatment to be followed favor health promotion, making patients more independent to take care of themselves and perform other activities related to the environment and the family conducts and behaviors that promote family balance are commonly observed in the family unit, revealing that the family needs to pay attention in order to identify conflicting situations, which its members may expose so as to avoid the emergence of irreparable disagreements in the future (4) . A study appoints t...
O estudo teve como objetivo identificar as percepções de familiares sobre a dinâmica de suas famílias após o câncer de mama em um dos seus membros. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa que tomou como referencial teórico o modelo de funcionamento familiar saudável proposto por Barnhill (1979). Participaram 23 familiares constituintes de 10 famílias. Os dados foram coletados, no período de maio a junho de 2002, por meio de entrevistas, e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram aspectos positivos na dinâmica das famílias. A percepção dos processos de identidade, através da individuação e mutualidade, favoreceram a compreensão da dinâmica familiar. Os achados mostraram que o câncer de mama tem a capacidade de provocar alterações na família, e esta se utilizou dos potenciais de cada membro em particular na busca da estabilidade familiar.
RESUMENEste estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar y caracterizar a los profesionales de enfermería que atienden el parto, en las maternidades del municipio de Rio Branco-AC. Fue realizado en las dos maternidades del Municipio. La población estudiada estuvo compuesta por 30 profesionales de enfermería. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas. Los resultados mostraron que, de los 25 (83,3%) profesionales de enfermería que atienden el parto normal, 18 (72%) recibieron capacitación a través de educación informal, esto es, acompañando y siendo acompañados por otro profesional durante la jornada de trabajo. Se concluye que, según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, apenas siete (28%) profesionales de enfermería, que prestan asistencia a la parturienta, son considerados calificados para esta atención, revelando que existe necesidad de calificación de gran parte del equipo que atiende a las mujeres y sus recién nacidos durante el parto y nacimiento, en las instituciones de salud de Rio Branco. DESCRIPTORES ABSTRACTThis study aimed at identifying and characterizing nursing care professionals assisting childbirth at maternity hospitals in the city of Rio Branco, State of Acre. It was conducted at the city's two maternity hospitals (one philanthropic institution and one public). The studied population con-sisted of 30 nursing professionals. The data were collected by means of interviews. The results showed that of the 25 (83.3%) nursing professionals who performed natural childbirth, 18 (72%) had been given training to perform childbirth through informal education, that is, by following or being followed by another professional during their work. It was concluded that, according to the World Health Organization criteria, only 7 (28%) nursing professionals giving care to parturient women at Rio Branco's institutions may be considered to be qualified for such care giving practice, thus showing that there is a need to qualify most of the nursing staff assisting women in labor and giving birth and their newborns. receberam treinamento por meio de educação informal, isto é, acompanhando e sendo acompanhados por outro profissional durante a jornada de trabalho. Conclui-se que, segundo critérios da Organização Mundial de Saúde, apenas sete (28%) profissionais de enfermagem, que prestam assistência à parturiente, são considerados qualificados para este atendimento, revelando que existe necessidade de qualificação de grande parte da equipe que atende as mulheres e seus recém-nascidos durante o parto e nascimento, nas instituições de saúde de Rio Branco. KEY WORDS
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