An eight-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a history of left median paramedian frontal craniectomy due to car trauma at six months of age. Axial computed tomography of the skull with reconstruction in three dimensions revealed an arachnoid cyst with slight herniation of the brain in the frontal lobe, leading to protrusion against the skullcap, causing dilation of the ex-vacuum of the anterior extension of the homolateral lateral ventricle. He presented asymmetrical lateral ventricles, a reduced base cistern, and a slightly ectatic IV centred ventricle. After the physical examination, no neurological deficit was found, despite the changes identified in the images. It is believed that such conditions may progressively worsen with the development and maturation of nervous tissue over the age of the assessed child. To confirm this, specialized monitoring is of fundamental importance.

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Background and aims:Diabetes affects the metabolism promoting damage in different tissues, including salivary glands. Current treatments, such as insulin, are ineffective to recovery of these tissues. In this aspect, the immunotherapy has been tested, but it can be inefficient as an agent for the control of damage caused by diabetes. The aim of this study to evaluate the association in anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody in the recovery of salivary glands of diabetic NOD mice. Material and methods: Fifteen spontaneously diabetic mice (NOD) were divided into three groups with 5 animals each: group I (Balb/C control mice), group II (untreated NOD mice), group III (NOD mice treated with CD4 and CD8 antibodies). The CD4 and CD8 antibodies (IMUNY, Rheabiotech Ltda, Brazil) were administered by intravenously injections (25 ug/days: 0, 7, 14, and 21). After treatment salivary glands samples were analyzed by immunofluorescence, microscopy, light microscopy and stereology. (ethical approval process: 304/11), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test were used. Results: Elevated levels of glucose (mg/dl) were observed in untreated animals (group II) (605.25 ± 31.23, p≤0.05), whereas in treated animals (group III), were noted a decrease in these levels (464.77 ± 39.66, p≤0.05). Tissue restructure, characterized by cell volume recovery, also was observed in group III (nuclear volume of parotid glands: (109.91 ± 02.03, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (107.52 ± 02, p≤0.05) (cytoplasmic volume of parotid glands: (356.14 ± 26.34, p≤0.05) and submandibular glands: (331.22 ± 32.11, p≤0.05). Intense signaling (+++) of insulin receptors was observed in animals of group I. On the other hand, in group II was noted a reduction of these receptors (+). In treated animals (group III) were observed a recovery of the insulin receptors (+++). Conclusions: This treatment was effective in the recovery of salivary acinar cells, contributed also to homeostasis of body metabolism. Thus, this immunomodulation promoted a beneficial effect on the recovery of these tissues. key words: anti CD4 and CD8, immunotherapy, salivary glands, diabetes mellitus 157 25. Robinson CP. Elevated levels of cysteine protease activity in saliva and salivary glands of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model for Sjogren syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci 94 (11): 5767-71, 1997 26. Wildenberg ME, Van Helden-Meeuwsen CG, van de Merwe JP, Moreno C, Drexhage HA, Versnel MA. Lack of CCR5 on dendritic cells promotes a proinflammatory environment in submandibular glands of the NOD mouse. J Leukoc Biol 83(5): 1194-200, 2008 27. Markopoulos AK, Belazi M. Histopathological and immunohistochemical features of the labial salivary glands in children with type I diabetes. 29. Parish N, Cooke A. Characterisation of CD8 monoclonal antibody-induced protection from diabetes in NOD mice. Autoimmunity 38(8): 597-604, 2005 30. Yagi H, Matsumoto M, Kunimoto K, Kawaguchi J, Makino S, Harada M. Analysis of the roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in autoimmune diabetes...

OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no estilo de vida na população afetada pelas regras de distanciamento social.MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional e descritivo. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de forma não-probabilística, global, aleatória e voluntária através da aplicação do formulário Google Forms via internet, que foi elaborado em três idiomas com perguntas: referentes à/ao: idade, sexo, país de origem e tempo de distanciamento social; sobre a avaliação do estilo de vida; estruturadas de acordo com o questionário FANTASTIC. As análises estatísticas utilizadas foram os testes qui-quadrado, Shapiro-Wilk, teste t não-pareado, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis e post-hoc de Bonferroni. Para todas as análises assumiu-se um p≤0,05.RESULTADOS: Do total de 475 pessoas que responderam ao questionário, 65,89% (313) estavam em distanciamento social. A maioria dos voluntários encontravam-se na categoria muito bom, e os domínios atividade física, nutrição, tipo/padrão de comportamento, introspecção e trabalho/satisfação com a profissão tiveram os menores valores médios nos grupos, o que impactou negativamente na classificação das categorias.CONCLUSÕES: A pandemia do COVID-19 tem afetado o estilo de vida da população, sendo necessárias medidas estratégicas de adoção e de conscientização nos diferentes aspectos que compõem um melhor estilo de vida, evitando assim consequências futuras negativas na saúde física e emocional da população pós-pandemia.

Introduction: GHD (Glute Ham Developer) is a recurrent exercise in training and competitions in Cross Training modalities, studies and cinematic analyzes of this movement are still little found in the literature. Objective: To analyze the kinematics of the GHD and compare the performance and angles of the hips and knees of two volunteers, one experienced and the other novice in the sport. Method: An experienced volunteer and another novice, but physically active, were selected and had their resting heart rates measured. They were invited to perform three movements on the GHD device, and these gestures were monitored and filmed by the researchers. After performing the gesture, the heart rate was measured again. The videos were analyzed using Kinovea kinematic software and the results were tabulated and compared using BioStat statistical software (p <0.05). Results: the kinematics of the GHD recommends hip flexion and hyperextension of this joint. Practitioners performed compensatory movements with the knee joint to assist with hip flexion. Exercise can offer risks of disc injuries to the intervertebral discs, due to the tension load present during and hyperextension. Conclusion: GHD is a complex movement that involves the iliopsoas muscles, erector of the spine, rectus femoris, hamstrings and rectus abdominis through variations of the joints that these muscles act. The movement must be previously taught through education and the due strengthening of the involved muscles must also occur, mainly in beginners, considering the inherent risk of injuries resulting from the movement.

Chondrosarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant bone tumours that share the production of the chondroid matrix in common. At the base of the skull, they are most commonly found in the region of the various synchondroses with an affinity for the petroclival fissure, they are locally invasive tumours, with little capacity to perform metastasis. The age group affected is variable, however, they frequently occur in middle-aged adults. Its clinical manifestation depends on the location and local extent; headache or paralysis of cranial nerves, particularly of the VI nerve is a frequent sign. As the petrous apex cannot be viewed directly, imaging studies such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play an important role in the evaluation of injuries. We present a case of a 36-year-old patient with chondrosarcoma of petroclival syndromes without visual changes. For the identification of this pathology, a battery of imaging tests was used and the diagnosis was made assertively, preserving the best choices for the treatment of the patient.

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