Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is an uncommon neoplasm, most frequently seen in the sixth decade with a female predominance. Imaging modalities allow an early and accurate preoperative diagnosis resulting in a higher rate of surgical resection and improved survival. Imaging findings in a 65-year-old woman with leiomyosarcoma of IVC are described. Computed tomography and MRI typically showed a non-fatty, necrotic intraluminal IVC mass with extension to retroperitoneal compartments. Cavography was useful to evaluate the collateral circulation associated with the extensive intraluminal mass. The lesion was biopsied under ultrasound guidance.

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Leiomyomas of the renal parenchyma and of the capsule are rare. These tumours are normally small asymptomatic and often detected incidentally. Large renal leiomyomas can present with pain or as an abdominal mass, but they are rare. The imaging features of these tumours have been poorly described in the literature. A radiological distinction from other renal neoplasms is often difficult to make owing to the similarity of imaging findings. We report two patients with renal leiomyomas who presented with pain and an abdominal mass. Both patients underwent nephrectomy and histological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma.

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In tuberculosis of the posterior element of the spine, MRI is extremely useful in evaluating the extent of involvement and response to therapy of isolated tuberculosis of posterior elements. Involvement of posterior elements due to tuberculosis is not so uncommon.

We report the sonographic features of a duodenal duplication cyst containing ectopic pancreatic tissue in a 5-month-old boy who presented with symptoms of partial gastric outlet obstruction. Sonography revealed an anechoic, double-walled, bilobed cystic lesion containing debris in the pyloroduodenal region. There was sound through-transmission but no air or communication with the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical resection and histopathologic examination confirmed a duodenal duplication cyst containing pancreatic tissue.

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Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, slow growing expansile lesions usually found in long bones or vertebrae. Plain radiography reveals expansion of bone and cortical thinning. MRI may assist in diagnosis by virtue of its ability to demonstrate blood-fluid levels, which is a characteristic finding in these lesions. Very few cases of ABC of the paranasal sinuses have been reported in the literature. We present MRI findings of ABC of the ethmoid sinus in a 19-year-old male.