The present study was undertaken to investigate hepatoprotective activity of Carduus marrianus and Chelidonium majus against paracetamol intoxicated rats and supplemented by histopathological studies of liver tissues. The Homoeopathic Potencies of C. marianus and C. majus have significantly altered the Paracetamol induced liver damages. Hepatic collagen content as evident from decreased (p<0.05) hydroxyproline levels and hepatic mast cell infiltration were significantly decreased in pre-treated animals. In addition, C. marianus and C. majus potencies significantly (p<0.05) reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation as evident in the liver tissues. The findings of study suggested that potencies of C. marianus and C. Majus heal the Paracetamol induced Hepatic tissue damages. Hence it is have more potential effect in hepatoprotective activity.
In swine, even though the pregnant sows were with iron abundance, the inborn iron reserve of piglets was compromised. This indicates the insufficiency of molecular machinery involved in local placental iron flux. Here, we investigated the expression of iron regulatory proteins like hepcidin and ferroportin and also their association with iron reserve, inflammation and oxidative stress in placenta of full‐term pregnant sows (n = 6). Amplification and sequencing of placental DNA confirmed the presence of hepcidin (MN579557) and ferroportin (MN565887) sequences and their 100% identity with existing GenBank data. Real‐time amplification of placental mRNA revealed significant higher expression of hepcidin (p < .05) than ferroportin. Western blot analysis of placental tissues revealed specific bands for both hepcidin (~8 kDa) and ferroportin (~62 kDa) molecules. Immunohistochemistry revealed the immunoreactivity for both proteins in the cytoplasm and membrane of trophoblastic cells of the placenta. Hepcidin and ferroportin expressions were positively associated with placental non‐haem iron reserve (p < .0001; p = .033), lipid peroxidation (p = .0060; p < .0001) and reactive oxygen species level (p = .0092; p = .0292). Hepcidin expression was positively associated with interleukin – 6 (p = .0002) and interferon gamma (p < .0001) expressions but ferroportin expression was negatively associated with interleukin‐6 (p = .0005), interleukin‐1β (p = .0226) and interferon gamma (p = .0059) expressions. This indicates hepcidin and ferroportin may have a role in controlling the local placental iron flux by acting as a molecular bridge between iron trafficking and inflammation.
Background: We aimed to identify the prognostic value of hepcidin in discriminating against the survival outcome of canine babesiosis. Methods: Semi-nested polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm the presence of infection. Existence of oxidative stress and inflammatory response, changes in systemic iron status and hepcidin level were assessed in the study population. Based on the outcome Babesia infected dogs were classified into survivors (n=18) and non-survivors (n=14) of infection. 32 healthy dogs formed the control group. Conclusion: In non-survivors of infection, serum hepcidin was positively associated with C-reactive protein (P less than 0.01), serum iron (P less than 0.01), transferrin iron-binding capacity (P less than 0.05), unsaturated iron-binding capacity (P less than 0.01), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (P less than 0.05) and negatively associated with catalase (P less than 0.01), zinc (P less than 0.01) and low haemoglobin density (P less than 0.01). The prognostic cut-off value of hepcidin in discriminating the survivability of infected dogs was 32.32 ng/mL with 100.00% specificity and 92.86 % sensitivity. The area under the curve of hepcidin in discriminating survivability was about 0.984 and Youden’s index was 0.928. Hence, hepcidin can predict the survival outcome of the disease enabling intensive care for animals with a cut-off value of hepcidin more than 32.32 ng/mL.
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