The massive use of plastic, from the production process to the disposal, will release a lot of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, which will exacerbate climate change. The large amount of plastic waste that can not be decomposed and eventually carried away into the sea is estimated to cause more plastic than fish in the ocean in 2050. Indonesia is the second-largest country in the production of marine plastic debris in the world after China. It occurs because of a misleading in waste management while still on land. Plastic debris in the marine will adversely affect the ecosystem in the sea and also the coastal. The reduction of marine debris will not run optimally if it is not supported by active involvement from the government, producers, and the community. This research was normative research based on primary and secondary legal materials. This study aimed to review the implementation of policies based on action plans to reduce marine debris. The result showed that with the baseline marine debris policy at 0.49 - 0.86 million tonnes/year, it required acceleration efforts from the government, producers, and the community to reduce marine debris by 70% by 2025.
Perubahan penggunaan lahan terjadi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Gembong Kabupaten Karanganyar khususnya di Kecamatan Tawangmangu yang terletak di bagian hulu DAS Gembong terjadi akibat meningkatnya pengembangan kawasan wisata. Sebagai pengatur tata air dan kawasan resapan, keberadaannya perlu dilestarikan fungsinya untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem di DAS tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui daya dukung sumber daya air, dan perubahan daya dukung sumber daya air dari tahun 2010 hingga 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan keruangan. Perhitungan ketersediaan air disimulasikan berdasarkan data curah hujan dan iklim, sedangkan kebutuhan air dihitung berdasarkan berbagai macam peruntukan kebutuhan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung sumber daya air di DAS Gembong pada tahun 2010 dan 2020 dalam keadaan surplus. Tahun 2010 terjadi surplus penggunaan air sebesar 24,163,553.54 m3 per tahun, sedangkan tahun 2020 juga terjadi surplus air sebesar 23,550,429.40 m3 per tahun. Berdasarkan nilai daya dukung sumber daya air antara tahun 2010 hingga 2020 telah mengalami perubahan yang cukup signifikan karena mengalami penurunan yang cukup tinggi sebesar 1,360,828.92 m3.
<em>The purpose of this research are: 1) analyze the shoreline change in the coastal areas of North Pekalongan Sub-district from 2003 to 2018; 2) Analyze the land use change in the coastal areas of North Pekalongan from 2003 to 2018; This type of research is a qualitative descriptive with a spatial approach. Data obtained from interpretation of IKONOS image from Google Earth in 2003, year 2013, and year 2018. The research steps were: (1) interpretation of Google Earth IKONOS image year 2003-2018, (2) Overlay of shoreline map of year 2003 and year 2018, (3) overlay of land use maps of year 2003- year 2018. The results of the study were: (1) The shoreline of North Pekalongan Sub-district was retreat 7.261 meters up to 94.383 meters. (2) The largest land use changes in North Pekalongan sub district was the change of land to a flooded land of 624.379 ha or 52.556% of land in the area.</em>
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