Latar belakang. Penyakit infeksi COVID-19 adalah penyakit kegawatan disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Hingga saat ini, data COVID-19 anak masih terbatas. Tujuan. Mengetahui gambaran klinis, laboratorium, dan tatalaksana COVID-19 anak serta hubungan antara karakteristik demografi dengan derajat keparahan.Metode. Penelitian retrospektif dengan metode observasional deskriptif digunakan pada gambaran klinis, laboratorium, dan tatalaksana. Metode observasional analitik melalui studi kohort retrospektif untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik pasien terhadap derajat keparahan. Seluruh pasien anak usia 0-18 tahun terkonfirmasi positif RT-PCR dan memiliki data rekam medis lengkap dan tercatat di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode April 2020-April 2021 diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Analisis statistik digunakan uji chi-square atau Fisher’s exact (tingkat kepercayaan 95%) dengan menggunakan SPSS for Windows versi 25.0.Hasil. Dari 32 pasien yang diteliti sebagian besar berusia 0-5 tahun (44%), mayoritas perempuan (56%), sebagian besar memiliki komorbid (69%), dan status gizi anak mayoritas baik (61%). Berdasarkan parameter karakteristik hanya usia yang ditemukan memiliki pengaruh terhadap derajat keparahan. Gambaran klinis paling umum adalah demam dan pneumonia (44%). Hasil laboratorium menunjukan adanya peningkatan D-dimer, anemia, dan peningkatan LDH. Terapi yang diberikan sesuai pedoman mencakup terapi utama dan suportif. Kesimpulan. Gejala klinis COVID-19 bervariasi. Hasil laboratorium sebagian besar normal kecuali beberapa parameter. Tatalaksana dilakukan sesuai pedoman. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan pada jenis kelamin, komorbid, dan status gizi.
Pelaksanaan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan suatu cara untuk melindungi pekerja dari kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja. Tahap akhir dalam pencegahan kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja yaitu dengan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD). Kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja juga dapat terjadi pada saat pengolahan batu bata yang diakibatkan oleh tanah yang banyak mengandung nematode, asap pembakaran dan debu akibat pembakaran yang tidak sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan penggunaan APD pada pekerja industri batu bata di Dusun Lamseunong Kecamatan Baitussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Desain penelitian ini adalah crosssectional survey yang dilakukan pada 62 responden yang diambil dengan tehnik total sampling. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 20 Februari 2019. Penggunaan APD diukur melalui observasi sedangkan pengetahuan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner. Hasil uji statistic dengan Chi-Squre pada CI 95% dan α=0,05 untuk variabel pengetahuan didapatkan p value 0,02. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan penggunaan APD pada pekerja industri batu bata di Dusun LamseunongKecamatan Baitussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar.
Bacterial conjunctivitis is a conjunctiva inflammation that caused by bacterial. This disease including to the most ten diseases of ophthalmology polyclinic at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin; however there is no data given on the sensitivity pattern to the antibiotic. The aim this research was to assess aerob bacterial sensitivity patterns causes conjunctivitis to a topical antibiotic. This research used the descriptive method with a cross-sectional study. The result with 21 samples isolate bacteria demonstrated that aerob bacterial sensitivity patterns to tobramicin (100%), to gentamicin (80,95%), to polymixin (80,95%), to ofloxacin (61,90%), to levofloxacin (61,90%), to chloramphenicol (42,86%); resistance to chloramphenicol (23,80%), to ofloxacin (9,52%), and to levofloxacin (9,52%). Based on the result, it can be concluded that tobramicin has the highest sensitivity pattern, followed by gentamicin, polymixin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin. However, chloramphenicol has the smallest sensitivity pattern. Keywords: bacterial conjunctivitis, sensitivity patterns, antibiotic, ophthalmology polyclinic Abstrak: Konjungtivitis bakteri merupakan suatu peradangan pada konjungtiva yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penyakit ini masih termasuk di dalam sepuluh besar penyakit yang ada di poliklinik mata RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin dan belum ada data pada kepekaan isolate terhadap terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kepekaan isolat bakteri aerob penyebab konjungtivitis terhadap antibiotik topikal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan crossectional. Hasil penelitian dengan jumlah 21 sampel isolat bakteri didapatkan gambaran pola kepekaan bakteri aerob sensitive terhadap tobramisin (100%), gentamisin (80,95%), polimiksin (80,95%), ofloksasin (61,90%), levofloksasin (61,90%), dan kloramfenikol (42,86%); resisten terhadap kloramfenikol (23,80%), ofloksasin (9,52%), dan levofloksasin (9,52%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tobramisin merupakan antibiotik dengan kepekaan tertinggi, diikuti gentamisin, polimiksin, ofloksasin, dan levofloksasin. Sedangkan kloramfenikol memiliki kepekaan terendah. Kata-kata kunci: konjungtivitis bakteri, pola kepekaan, antibiotik, poliklinik mata
Diabetic ulcers are a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and have a high risk of infection. Severe ulcer infectionsare a significant cause of lower-extremity amputations in addition to trauma. Therefore, therapy for diabetic ulcer infectionsmust be performed immediately. This study aimed to determine the bacterial susceptibility pattern to the antibiotic indiabetic ulcer patients. This study was retrospective observational descriptive by taking the results of swab culture andantibiotic susceptibility patterns data in diabetic ulcer patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, in 2016-2018. Theresults showed 41 (62.1%) monomicrobial infections and 25 (37.9%) polymicrobial infections. The number of Gram-negativebacilli (57.4%) was higher than Gram-positive cocci (42.6%). The most common bacterial isolates on pus culture wereStaphylococcus aureus (26.6%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19.1%), and Escherichia coli (12.8%). Antibiotic susceptibility testresults showed that Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to Tigecycline (100%), Nitrofurantoin (96.9%), and Linezolid(96.8%). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to Ertapenem (92.7%), Meropenem, and Amikacin (90.6%). S.aureusisolates were sensitive 100% to Meropenem and Tigecycline. K.peneumoniae and E.coli isolates were susceptible 100% toMeropenem and Amikacin. It was concluded in this study that the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in diabetic ulcerinfection was higher than Gram-positive bacteria. The most common isolated Gram-negative bacteria were K.pneumoniaeand E.coli, while the most common Gram-positive bacteria were S.aureus. The most sensitive antibiotics for K.pneumoniaeand E.coli were Meropenem and Amikacin, while the most sensitive antibiotics for S.aureus were Linezolid and Tigecycline.
Infection caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a healthcare-associated infection thatreceives the most significant attention worldwide due to its resistance. Administration of precise and rational antibiotics canprevent high MRSA rates in hospitals. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA at theintensive care room of Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, between 2016 and 2018. This study was an observational analyticstudy by taking the results of culture and antibiotic susceptibility pattern data of the MRSA isolated from patients treated atthe intensive care room retrospectively. The results showed 37 data of patients suffering from MRSA at the intensive careroom in 2016-2018, with a percentage of 23.81%, 25.81%, and 35.19%, respectively. The most common sources of MRSAisolate in this study were sputum (32.39%), blood (29.27%), and pus (16.67%). From 2016 to 2017, there was a decreasedsusceptibility to macrolide antibiotics, aminoglycosides such as Gentamicin, and quinolones such as Moxifloxacin. In 2018,there was an increased susceptibility pattern of some antibiotics compared to the previous period. Antibiotics with thehighest susceptibility in period of 2016-2018 were Linezolid, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Tigecycline, Nitrofurantoin, andTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. Also, the antibiotic with the lowest susceptibility was Tetracycline. It was concluded thatthere had been changes in some antibiotics' susceptibility pattern to MRSA within 2016-2018.
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