Background: Nowdays many people who care about the health switching from chemical drugs to herbal medicine. There are many herbs that used for health. One is miswak (Salvadora persica) are many benefits to general health and dental health. Siwak can help inhibit dental plaque. Research purposes to determine effectiveness miswak extract against plaque formation. Method: The research was conducted 35 students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Sale. The samples were divided into five groups, each group of 7 people to extract Siwak 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and chlorheksidin group. Measurement of plaque index measurement using PHP Plaque Index (Patient Hygiene Performance Index) according Podshadley and Haley. Result: The criteria of dental plaque before rinsing dominant medium, with an average index plaque before rinsing 1,833 chlorheksidin group; 2.119 miswak extract 25%, 2,833 miswak extract 50%; 1,595 miswak extract 75%, and 2,905 miswak extract 100%. The criteria dominant plaque index after rinsing well, with an average index plaque after rinsing 1,476 chlorheksidin group; 1,286 miswak extract 25%; 0,929 miswak extract 50%; 0.690 miswak extract 75%, and 1,310 miswak extract 100%. P value of the one way ANOVA test after rinsing plaque index = 0.018 (p <0.05), means that the average index of dental plaque after rinsing significantly different. Post hoc test results showed 50% miswak extract group and 100% higher than chlorheksidin group, and 25% miswak extract and 75%. Conclusion: Concluded that miswak extract effective against dental plaque formation inhibition. Because the content of trimethylamine (TMA) has miswak which prevents sediment (deposit) particles on the surface of teeth.
Background: Oral disease still need special attention, especially in dentistry. Inflammation of the pulp is caused by the presence of irritants. One of the mechanical irritants is iatrogenic factors caused by operator error during preparation so that roof of pulp chamber is exposed. This condition is called reversible pulpitis/inflammation of the pulp. Cells that play a role during inflammation are macrophages which are the second defense cell after neutrophil apoptosis. A direct pulp capping procedure is indicated for this condition. The material commonly used is biodentin, but because the price tends to be expensive, alternative materials are needed. Siwak contains flavonoids which are known to play an important anti-inflammatory role in the healing of exposed pulp. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of macrophages in the dental pulp of rats with reversible pulpitis after administration of biodentin and siwak extract. Method: This research is a true experimental with a post test only group design, consisting of 2 treatment groups, namely the 75% siwak extract group and the biodentin group. The material is applied after the tooth has been prepared. The research sample used male wistar rats and sacrificed on the 3rd day. Samples were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin to see macrophage cells. Result: The data obtained were analyzed using the independent T-test. The test results showed a significant difference, with a value of p = 0.008 (p <0.05). Conclusion:The conclusion of this study that the siwak extract group showed a lower mean number of macrophage cells than the biodentin group. PENDAHULUANMenurut survei dari Kemenkes RI tahun 2011 menjelaskan bahwa penyakit pulpa dan periapikal menempati urutan ke -7 dari daftar penyakit yang termasuk rawat jalan di rumah sakit pada tahun 2010 1 . Pulpa gigi meliputi lebih dari satu lapisan yaitu lapisan odontoblas, lapisan cellfree zone, cell-rich zone, dan inti pulpa dengan macam-macam komponen di dalamnya seperti pembuluh darah, saraf, sel fibroblast, sel mesenkim, dan sel imun (makrofag dan limfosit) 2 . Pulpa mempunyai beberapa fungsi yaitu fungsi induktif, fungsi formatif, fungsi reparatif, fungsi nutritif, dan fungsi protektif 3 . Apabila ada stimulus atau substansi asing, pulpa gigi akan mengeluarkan respon imun sebagai perlawanan yaitu pulpitis atau peradangan pulpa 4 . Peradangan pulpa yang ringan atau sering disebut sebagai pulpitis reversible dapat kembali sembuh jika rangsangan dihilangkan 5 . Sel yang berperan pada saat terjadi
Dental caries occurs due to the demineralization of tooth structure caused by microorganisms in colonies called biofilms. One of the microorganisms involved in dental caries is Streptococcus mutans. Oral mouthwash, in addition to mechanical cleaning, is known to prevent the growth of oral microorganisms. Mangosteen is known as an anti-cancer ingredient with high anti-bacterial properties. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of mangosteen skin extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) in decreasing Streptococcus mutans biofilm. The study is experimental research with a post-test control group design. The research sample was divided into five groups; 3 treatment groups and 2 control groups. The biofilm thickness test was carried out with OD (Optical density) with a wavelength of about 620 nm using an ELISA reader. Kruskal Wallis analysis was employed as a non-parametric statistical test analysis. Statistical Kruskal Wallis indicated significant differences in the thickness of 5 test groups of Streptococcus mutans. The lowest average yield of biofilm thickness was in the α-mangosteen group at 12.5 g/ml. Conclusion: α-mangosteen in mangosteen skin extract effectively reduced the thickness of Streptococcus mutans biofilm.
Introduction: Alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis is caused by increased activation of osteoclasts, causing an imbalance of bone remodeling. Periodontitis treatment can be done mechanically with Scaling and Root Planing and accompanied by metronidazole. Antibiotics have long-term drawbacks and can cause allergies, thus requiring an alternative to natural topical drugs such as brown algae gel. This study aimed to to analyzed the effect of brown algae gel (sargassum sp) on the number of osteoclasts of alveolar bone in periodontitis rats. Methods: The research method was a True Experimental with a pretest-posttest-only control group design. Rats were divided into three groups; negative control (K-) was not given any treatment, positive control (K+) was given metronidazole ties plus 25% concentration, and the treatment group (KP) was given brown algae gel (Sargassum sp) 75% concentration. Data were analyzed by Friedman and Kruskal Wallis test. Results:There was a significant difference in the number of osteoclasts on days 8, 10, and 12, the decrease in the number of osteoclasts was higher in the brown algae treatment group than the negative control group (p=0.051). In the positive control group, there was a significant difference in the decrease of the number of osteoclasts compared to the brown algae treatment group (p=0.029). The number of osteoclasts was significantly different on day 12 (p=0.026).Conclusion: Adhering brown algae (Sargassum sp.) gel decreases osteoclasts in periodontitis rats.Keywords: bone remodeling; bone resorption; brown algae gel (sargassum sp.); osteoclasts; periodontitis.
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