Comparison of the Number of Macrophages in the Rat Reversible Pulpitis After Application of Biodentin and Siwak Extract

Abstract

Background: Oral disease still need special attention, especially in dentistry. Inflammation of the pulp is caused by the presence of irritants. One of the mechanical irritants is iatrogenic factors caused by operator error during preparation so that roof of pulp chamber is exposed. This condition is called reversible pulpitis/inflammation of the pulp. Cells that play a role during inflammation are macrophages which are the second defense cell after neutrophil apoptosis. A direct pulp capping procedure is indicated for this condition. The material commonly used is biodentin, but because the price tends to be expensive, alternative materials are needed. Siwak contains flavonoids which are known to play an important anti-inflammatory role in the healing of exposed pulp. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of macrophages in the dental pulp of rats with reversible pulpitis after administration of biodentin and siwak extract. Method: This research is a true experimental with a post test only group design, consisting of 2 treatment groups, namely the 75% siwak extract group and the biodentin group. The material is applied after the tooth has been prepared. The research sample used male wistar rats and sacrificed on the 3rd day. Samples were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin to see macrophage cells. Result: The data obtained were analyzed using the independent T-test. The test results showed a significant difference, with a value of p = 0.008 (p <0.05). Conclusion:The conclusion of this study that the siwak extract group showed a lower mean number of macrophage cells than the biodentin group. PENDAHULUANMenurut survei dari Kemenkes RI tahun 2011 menjelaskan bahwa penyakit pulpa dan periapikal menempati urutan ke -7 dari daftar penyakit yang termasuk rawat jalan di rumah sakit pada tahun 2010 1 . Pulpa gigi meliputi lebih dari satu lapisan yaitu lapisan odontoblas, lapisan cellfree zone, cell-rich zone, dan inti pulpa dengan macam-macam komponen di dalamnya seperti pembuluh darah, saraf, sel fibroblast, sel mesenkim, dan sel imun (makrofag dan limfosit) 2 . Pulpa mempunyai beberapa fungsi yaitu fungsi induktif, fungsi formatif, fungsi reparatif, fungsi nutritif, dan fungsi protektif 3 . Apabila ada stimulus atau substansi asing, pulpa gigi akan mengeluarkan respon imun sebagai perlawanan yaitu pulpitis atau peradangan pulpa 4 . Peradangan pulpa yang ringan atau sering disebut sebagai pulpitis reversible dapat kembali sembuh jika rangsangan dihilangkan 5 . Sel yang berperan pada saat terjadi

Effect Of Application Of Mineral Trioide Aggregate (Mta) And Nanohydroxyapatite In Duck Egg Shell On Macrophages In Reversible Pulpitis

“…Macrophages are in the injured area in the inflammatory phase until the wound healing phase ends, but in small numbers and macrophages function to initiate the proliferative phase by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and starting growth [12]. The process of reducing inflammation in reversible pulpitis is characterized by a decrease in the number of macrophage cells, a high number of macrophage cells results in damage to healthy tissue around inflammation [6].…”

“…Pulp capping treatment as a treatment for reversible pulpitis aims to keep the pulp vital by reducing the inflammatory process which is characterized by a decrease in the number of macrophage cells, because the high number of macrophage cells damages healthy tissue around inflammation [6]. The treatment is divided into two, namely direct pulp capping by applying material directly to exposed pulp due to trauma or iatrogenic, and indirect pulp capping treatment, namely by applying material to healthy pulp but the pulp has not been opened [7].…”