Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tentang kompetisi guru SD, SMP, SMA/SMK se-Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Tentang kompetisi Pedagogik, Keperibadian, Sosial, dan Profesional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Deskriptif Kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan memalui wawancara, pengamatan, dokumentasi, dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa (1) Profil guru penjas bertugas di Kabupaten Lampung Barat dari faktor usia relatif tua, masa tugas cukup lama, (2) Aspek Kompetisi pedagogik guru penjas sudah menjalankan dengan sesuai karena sebagian besar sudah mendapatkan PNS dan berstatus sertifikasi,  (3) Aspek Kompetisi Kepribadian memiliki prilaku yang dapat di teladani dan dicontoh, (4) secara kompetisi sosial guru penjas mampu berkomunikasi dengan efektif ke beberapa pihak baik di sekolah ataupun pada lingkungan sekitar tempat tinggal, (5) secara kompetisi profesional guru penjas mampu meningkatkan kemampuan individu dengan mengikuti PLPG dan PPG serrta penataran yang dilaksanakan di provinsi maupun nasional.

Introduction. in the process of improving an athlete's performance, the recovery methods must be optimized. Recovery is required to maximize training and competition performance; fatigue should be minimized by recovering as fast as possible. This study aimed to assess effects of contrast water therapy on blood lactate concentration after high-intensity interval training (HiiT) in elite futsal players. Methods. A total of 30 male futsal athletes volunteered to be subjects in this study. The test session consisted of repeated sprints at the distance of 25 m (3 series of two 1-min repetitions at 90% of maximum heart rate). After HiiT, the participants were randomized into 2 groups; 15 received contrast water therapy (CWT), and 15 were given slow jogging recovery (SJR). The recovery for the CWT group consisted of periodic immersions in cold water (18°C) for 1 min and then in hot water (37°C) for 2 min, with accumulating 15 min in the water. The recovery for the SJR group included 8 min of slow jogging (6.8 km • h −1) around a field. Results. After 30-min recovery, lactate concentration was significantly greater (p = 0.001) in the SJR group (7.67 mmol/l) than in the CWT group (6.82 mmol/l) and remained significantly different 60 min after recovery (p = 0.0001; 6.80 mmol/l and 5.01 mmol/l, respectively). Conclusions. We demonstrated that CWT after HiiT had an effect on the recovery of elite futsal players by decreasing the lactate concentration and rapid recovery of heart rate.

ABSTRAKFluktuasi harga cabai rawit menyebabkan kerugian yang ditanggung oleh pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan terhadap komoditi cabai rawit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh produksi cabai rawit, kebutuhan cabai rawit, harga cabai merah keriting (substitusi), harga cabai rawit dua bulan sebelumnya, dan curah hujan terhadap harga cabai rawit di Aceh. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dalam bentuk data time series. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pengujian serempak (Uji F) didapatkan hasil bahwa produksi cabai rawit, harga cabai merah keriting (substitusi), harga cabai rawit dua bulan sebelumnya, curah hujan, dan kebutuhan cabai rawit secara serempak berpengaruh nyata terhadap harga cabai rawit di Aceh. Sedangkan secara parsial (Uji T) didapatkan bahwa produksi cabai rawit (0,000), harga cabai merah keriting (substitusi) (0,003), harga cabai rawit dua bulan sebelumnya (0,032), dan kebutuhan cabai rawit (0,000) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap harga cabai rawit di Aceh. Sedangkan curah hujan (0,407) secara parsial tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap harga cabai rawit di Aceh. Hal ini mengindikasikan setiap meningkatnya harga cabai merah keriting (substitusi), harga cabai rawit dua bulan sebelumnya, dan kebutuhan cabai rawit maka akan meningkat harga cabai rawit dan setiap meningkatnya produksi cabai rawit serta curah hujan maka akan menurunkan harga cabai rawit. Kata Kunci: cabai rawit, harga cabai rawit, regresi linear berganda.

Guidance and Counseling Teachers should be accustomed to conducting action research. In fact, BK teachers have not been able to design and carry out research in accordance with the rules and principles of an action research. This training aims to improve the ability of BK teachers to design action research in the field of guidance and counseling. The training was carried out in Tanggamus District using a work-assignment learning method in the form of a workshop and was attended by 40 high school guidance and counseling teachers. The activity begins with briefing and continues with the practice of preparing research proposals in a guided manner. Evaluation of the achievement of activities is carried out to check the level of teacher skills in preparing action research designs correctly using the Action Research Design Quality Assessment Form. The results of the activity showed that in general the skills of the participants had improved. They have been able to formulate the title, problem, objective, and research methodology correctly. Participants categorized as "Highly Skilled" = 15%, "Skilled" = 35%, and "Sufficiently Skilled" = 27.50%, "Less Skilled" = 17.50%, the rest, around 5% are still in the category " Very Unskilled.” Based on the results of the evaluation of activities, it is recommended that this kind of training be followed up by increasing the intensity of the debriefing and expanding the target audience.

Dalam persepktif hukum publik, Negara adalah organisasi jabatan. Menurut Logemann “negara adalah organisasi yang berkenaan dengan berbagai fungsi, yang di maksud dengan fungsi ialah lingkungan kerja terperinci dalam hubungan secara keseluruhan. Fungsi-fungsi ini dinamakan jabatan. Negara adalah organisasi jabatan.