OBJECTIVETo compare the effect of the use of intermittent and continuous positive airway pressure in postoperative patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODSThis study included forty patients divided into two groups: one undergoing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP Group), and the other undergoing intermittent pressure (Müller Resuscitator Group). The patients were evaluated in relation to the several study variables at the following time points: preoperative, 3rd, 24th, and 48th hours. RESULTSThe patient groups were homogeneous in relation to the several demographic and clinical variables. The values of pO 2 , pCO 2 and sO 2 were within normal limits and no signifi cant differences were found between the groups. Regarding respirometry, the groups showed signifi cant differences in the tidal volume and respiratory rate at the 48th postoperative hour. Dyspnea and use of accessory muscle in postoperative assessments were found with a signifi cantly higher frequency in patients undergoing CPAP. Patients undergoing Müller Resuscitator had a normal chest radiograph more frequently than did patients undergoing CPAP. CONCLUSIONBoth devices were shown to be able to keep pO 2 , pCO 2 , and sO 2 values within normal limits. However, when the objective was pulmonary reexpansion with less imposed workload, the Müller Resuscitator was more effective because of its prompter action and consequently lower levels of dyspnea, respiratory rate (RR) and use of accessory muscle were observed. KEY WORDSIPPB, continuous positive airway pressure, physical therapy.

Objectives:To evaluate whether a short-term moderate intensity exercise program could change inflammatory parameters, and improve different components of metabolic syndrome in sedentary patients.Methods:Sixteen patients completed the 12-week program of supervised exercise, which consisted of a 40 to 50 minutes of walking, 3 times a week, reaching 50 to 60% of the heart rate reserve. The parameters evaluated before and after intervention were waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein and interleukin 8.Results:There was a significant reduction in waist circumference (102.1±7.5cm to 100.8±7.4cm; p=0.03) and in body mass index (29.7±3.2kg/m2 versus 29.3±3.5kg/m2; p=0.03). Systolic blood pressure dropped from 141±18 to 129±13mmHg and diastolic from 79±12 to 71±10mmHg (with p<0.05 for both). No changes were observed on total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, although HDL cholesterol levels improved, from 45.5±6.0 to 49.5±9.8mg/dL (p=0.02). There was a trend toward reduction of C-reactive protein (8.3%; p=0.07) and interleukin 8 levels (17.4%; p=0.058). The improvement in cardiovascular capacity was demonstrated by an increase of 13% in estimated volume of oxygen (p<0.001).Conclusion:Benefits of aerobic exercise of moderate intensity were seen within only 12 weeks of training in sedentary patients with metabolic syndrome. Considering the easy self-applicability and proven metabolic effects, an exercise program could be a first approach to sedentary patients with metabolic syndrome.

Cardiac rehabilitation protocols applied during the in-hospital phase (phase I) are subjective and their results are contested when evaluated considering what should be the three basic principles of exercise prescription: specificity, overload and reversibility. In this review, we focus on the problems associated with the models of exercise prescription applied at this early stage in-hospital and adopted today, especially the lack of clinical studies demonstrating its effectiveness. Moreover, we present the concept of "periodization" as a useful tool in the search for better results.

Objective: To compare models of the postoperative hospital treatment phase after myocardial revascularization. Design: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Setting: Hospital patients in a hospital setting. Subjects: Thirty-two patients with indications for myocardial revascularization were included between January 2008 and December 2009, with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%, 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) ≥60 and forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥60% of predicted value. Interventions: Patients were randomly placed into two groups: one performed prescribed exercises according to the model proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the other according to a periodized model. Main measures: Partial pressure of O2 ( Po2) and arterial O2 saturation ( Sao2), percentage of predicted FVC and total distance on the six-minute walking test (6MWT). Results: Twenty-seven patients were re-evaluated upon release from the hospital (ACSM = 14 and PP = 13). Five patients extubated for more than 6 hours in the postoperative period were excluded from the sample. In the preoperative period the variables Po2, Sao2, % FVC and 6MWT were similar. In the postoperative period, a reduction was observed for all parameters in both groups. Upon comparison of the groups, a difference was observed in Po2 (ACSM = 68.0 ± 4.3 vs. PP = 75.9 ± 4.8 mmHg; P < 0.001), Sao2 (ACSM = 93.5 ± 1.4 vs. PP = 94.8 ± 1.2%; P = 0.018) and 6MWT (ACSM = 339.3 ± 41.7 vs. PP = 393.8 ± 25.7 m; P < 0.001). There was no difference in % FVC. Conclusion: Patients after myocardial revascularization following a periodized model of exercise presented a better intra-hospital evolution when compared to those using the ACSM model.

Objective: To assess the functional and anatomicalpathological effect of transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells associated to aquatic physical activity after myocardial infarction in rats.Methods: Twenty-one rats were induced by myocardial infarction, through left coronary artery ligation. After a week, the animals were subjected to echocardiography for evaluation of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF, %) and dyastolic and end systolic volume of the left ventricle

Background: The progressive and chronic course of COPD, characterized by difficulty in breathing, can be aggravated by periods of increased symptoms (exacerbation). The treatment often involves in-hospital care and among the interventions applied in COPD patients, physical therapy prompts good results. However the most used techniques are not properly pinpointed and there is no consensus in the literature regarding its effectiveness.Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify which physical therapy treatment was applied in these cases. The following bibliographic databases were consulted: PubMed, and Bireme Portal, Periódicos Capes. Controlled randomized clinical trials that is under went physical therapy intervention in patients hospitalized for exacerbated COPD without the use of NIV (non-invasive ventilation) were included in the study. The PEDro scale, which has a score of 0-10, was used to evaluate the quality of studies included in this review. Results: The electronic search yielded a total of 302 references published in English, of which only 6 met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Conclusion:It is possible to infer that physiotherapy’s techniques used in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation, based on this review, were the high frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) on the chest; relaxing massage and active exercises, electrical stimulation via electro-acupuncture; strengthening of the quadriceps; the ELTGOL bronchial drainage technique (expiration with the glottis open in the lateral posture) and an incentive spirometer.

Abstract. People with visual impairment need a precise look in the educational context to contemplate and stimulate their remaining skills and senses even with their specificities. Digital games can strengthen teaching and learning in relation to traditional methods, providing knowledge through the fun and allowing the autonomy and reflection of the contents approached. Therefore, this paper has as main objective, the evaluation and acceptance of Blinds, Basic Education (BBE) a multidisciplinary digital game that resembles the traditional tic-tac-toe and is able to exercise various curricular components, logical reasoning and even the perception of space and memorization.Resumo. Pessoas com deficiência visual necessitam de um contexto educacional com um olhar apurado para suas especificidades, de modo a contemplar e estimular suas habilidades e sentidos remanescentes. A utilização de jogos digitais pode fortalecer o ensino e aprendizagem em relação aos métodos tradicionais, proporcionando o conhecimento através da brincadeira e permitindo a autonomia e reflexão dos conteúdos abordados. O presente trabalho tem, portanto, como objetivo principal, a avaliação e aceitação do jogo Blinds, Basic Education (BBE) um jogo digital multidisciplinar que se assemelha ao tradicional jogo da velha e é capaz de exercitar vários componentes curriculares, o raciocínio lógico e até mesmo a percepção de espaço e memorização. IntroduçãoAs tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) têm se tornado cada vez mais presentes no dia a dia das pessoas, fazendo parte de suas rotinas, através de recursos como computadores, tablets, smartphones, câmeras digitais, dentre outros. Esses recursos permitem, não só o armazenamento de informações, como também seu compartilhamento e disseminação. Dentre os vários ambientes em que as TICs estão inseridas, está o ambiente educacional, que vem ganhando novas possibilidades de interação e comunicação ao longo dos anos, tanto na perspectiva dos professores quanto dos alunos.

ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of ultrasound and stretching in morphology after rat muscle contusion.MethodsMale Wistar rats (n = 35, 8–9 weeks, 271 ± 14 g) were divided into five groups: control group (CG = 3); lesion group (LG = 8); lesion + ultrasound group (LUG = 8); lesion + stretching group (LSG = 8); lesion + ultrasound + stretching group (LUSG = 8). The ultrasound was applied in LUG and LUSG from the third to the seventh day, the dose used was 50% pulsed, 0.5 W/cm2, 5 min. From the tenth until the twenty first day, passive stretching was performed, in four repetitions lasting 30 s each with 30 s of rest. Initial and final body weight, muscle weight and length, number and sarcomere length, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and percentage of collagen were evaluated after 22 days.ResultsThe final body weight was higher than the initial in all groups. The number of sarcomeres was statistically higher in LSG than LUG and higher in LUSG than LUS and CG; in sarcomere length was higher in LUG when compared with LSG (p < 0.05). The cross sectional area in LG was higher than LSG, and the percentage of collagen was higher in LG when compared with LSG and CG; in LUG when compared with LSG and CG; and in LUSG when compared with CG.ConclusionThe passive stretching protocol induced sarcomerogenesis and antifibrotic effect over the muscle submitted to contusion. Ultrasound, even in association with stretching, was not sufficient to prevent fibrosis in the injured muscle.