Acute corrosive toxicity is a serious problem in clinical toxicology as it may be associated with severe complications. Prediction of complications related to corrosive toxicity is very important for better management and outcome. Inflammation is considered a predisposing factor for the development of corrosive toxicity complications. Leucocytes are a component of the inflammatory process. The aim of this study is to evaluate leucocytes' parameters as predictors for complications of acute corrosive toxicity. Forty four patients with acute corrosive toxicity were subjected to history taking (personal and toxicological), general and local oral examination. A venous blood sample was obtained from each participant. Total and differential leucocyte counts together with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were obtained. Total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio were good predictors for complications at cut off > 15100/mm 3 , > 9308/mm 3 and > 2.42 respectively. It is concluded that total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio could serve as good predictor markers for corrosive toxicity complications.

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Background Children with β‐thalassemia major (β‐TM) suffer from tubular dysfunction even before the onset of any renal impairment symptoms and/or clinical signs. Therefore, identifying innovative biomarkers allowing early renal damage detection has focused attention. Aim This study aims to preliminary assess Netrin‐1(NTN‐1) and clusterin (CLU) in β‐TM children and explore their possible roles as surrogate noninvasive biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction. Subjects and methods In this study, 40 β‐TM children and 30 healthy children were enrolled. Routine serum and urinary biochemical variables were determined. Urinary NTN‐1 and CLU levels were measured using ELISA and their mRNA expression in PBMCs were assayed using real‐time PCR. Serum TNF‐α, MDA levels and GST activity were measured. Results Urinary NTN‐1 and CLU concentrations and mRNA relative expression levels in PBMCs were significantly increased in β‐TM children relative to controls. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers revealed significant elevation in β‐TM children compared to controls. The change in these parameters correlated significantly with other renal parameters. ROC curves analysis showed that urinary NTN‐1 and CLU levels are of promising diagnostic performance. Conclusion Our results suggest that NTN‐1 and CLU are qualified as new noninvasive biomarker panels for early detection of renal injury in β‐TM children. Moreover, urinary NTN‐1 is recommended as a precise one during the clinical practices.

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