The review focuses on recent developments in the synthetic methodologies of COFs and their applications in the field of organocatalysis, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. Future scope of COFs in the field are also described.
A robust, magnetically retrievable photoredox Ru-based heterogeneous nanocatalyst was fabricated for the highly regio-selective synthesis of N-aryl-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives.
In this work, biologically significant 3,3-di(indolyl)indolin-2-ones
have been synthesized using a silica-coated magnetic-nanoparticle-supported
1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)-derived and acid-functionalized
ionic liquid as the catalytic entity. The fabricated nanocomposite
catalyzes the pseudo-three-component reaction of isatins and indoles
explicitly via hydrogen-bonding interactions between substrates and
the catalyst. The nanocatalytic system utilizes water as the green
reaction medium to obtain a library of indolinones in good to excellent
yields under mild reaction conditions. Besides, the catalyst could
be easily recovered from the reaction mixture through simple external
magnetic forces, which enables excellent recyclability of the catalyst
for successive runs without appreciable loss in catalytic activity.
Hence, the outcomes of the present methodology make the nanocatalyst
a potential candidate for the development of green and sustainable
chemical processes.
Systems thinking is highly desirable for re-imagining chemistry education, which will help in the development of an integrated and sustainable approach that takes into account the interdependence of a system under study with other components of the ecosystem rather than practicing a fragmented approach. Thus, to develop a systems' perspective into the minds of early researchers, we propose a safe, convenient, and reliable two sessions laboratory experiment in which students synthesize magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using plant-derived potato extract as a green reaction medium and as both reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized MNPs are effectively utilized in the degradation of rhodamine B dye under ultrasonic radiation and using H 2 O 2 as an oxidant. Further, the recyclability of MNPs was tested in successive runs. The described experiment has also been performed by numerous undergraduate students and is well appreciated by them. The former synthetic experiment gives students an introduction and hands on experience to nanotechnology through nanoparticle synthesis. While the later describes practical applications of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment, thereby reinforcing basic chemical principles and instrumentation techniques (such as FT-IR and UV−vis spectrophotometry) through environmental remediation. To foster students' higher order thinking skills, a systems thinking hierarchical model has also been proposed. It is believed that this context-based learning approach opens a door for re-imagining chemistry education and will help educate students and society in a more effective manner.
Abstract. In this paper we define currents relative to a free factor system. We prove that a fully irreducible outer automorphism relative to a free factor system acts with uniform north-south dynamics on a subspace of the space of projective relative currents.
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