Acetobacter diazotrophicus strains were isolated from Eleusine coracana, a new host plant cultivated along the coast of Tamil Nadu in India. Using a species‐specific oligonucleotide primer and PCR amplification, the presence of this bacterium was demonstrated directly in plant tissues, proving its endophytic nature, and it was absent in non‐rhizosphere soils. The isolates were also characterized on the basis of typical morphology, electron microscopy and biochemical tests, including nitrogen‐fixing efficiency, to assess their diversity. When RAPD analysis was performed on the isolates, they fell into two distinct genetically related groups when compared with the type strain PA1 5 (ATCC 49037). In view of the importance of E. coracana to this region, associated nitrogen‐fixing Acetobacter strains may be agronomically important because they could supply part of the nitrogen that the crop requires.
Background: Propionibacterium acnes includes gram-positive bacteria in the form of stems and normal skin flora that play a role in the occurrence of inflammation in acne. The prevalence of acne ranges from 47-90% during adolescence. African, American and Hispanic women have a prevalence of 37% and 32% while Asian women are 30%, Caucasian 24%, and India 23%. Leaves melinjo contain flavonoid compounds that function as antioxidants that will interfere with the metabolic functions of microorganisms such as bacteria. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of melinjo leaf extract (Gnetum gnemon L) on the growth of bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, using design Descriptive. Data analysis using univariate analysis to know effectivity of leaf extract of melinjo to the growth of bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Method: This study used melinjo leaf extract which was generated using 96% ethanol solvent. Results: The study showed that concentrations that could inhibit the growth of bacteria Propionibacterium acnes were at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Inhibition zone diameter at 2.5% concentration of 6.13 mm, 5% concentration of 6.68 mm, 7.5% concentration of 7.92 mm and 10% concentration of 10.94 mm. It means the higher concentration of melinjo leaf extract hence the higher the resistance of bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Conclusion: Further research is expected to carry out further tests with other concentrations and solvent extracts other than 96% ethanol or bacteria other than Propionibacterium acnes.
Background: One of skin diseases that is frequently taking attention among teenagers and young adults is acne or in medical term called acne vulgaris. Acne treatment can be treated by repairing follicular abnormalities, decreasing sebum production, decreasing the number of Propionibacterium acnes colonies and reducing inflammation of the skin. The bacterial population of Propionibacterium acnes can be reduced by giving an antibacterial substance such as erythromycin, clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide. In the treatment of acne we can get antibacterial originating from nature, one of which can be obtained in the secondary metabolism of plants. The extracts and essential oils of betel leaf contain antibacterial and antifungal activities. The effectiveness of the use of betel leaf ethanol extract (Piper betle Linn) in acne treatment can be improved by creating formulations in form of cream preparations. Formulations in cream preparations will affect the amount and speed of active substances that can be absorbed. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract cream of betel leaf (piper betle linn) cream in formulas with what percentage of active substance has the most-inhibitory effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Methods:The study used experimental research. Propionibacterium acnes samples were diluted in 0.9% physiological NaCl sterile and embedded in Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The media was inserted into an incubator at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The test of antibacterial activity used the disk diffusion method. The antibacterial activity test results were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Product Services Solution (SPSS 17) program with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: The three creams containing betel leaf ethanol extracts at percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% for each had inhibitory zones: 9.8 mm, 15.85 mm, 17.35 mm. Conclusion: Cream that contains 15% active substance has the strongest inhibition.
Uric acid as the nitrogen compounds produced from catabolism purine from both diet and endogenous nucleic acids (DNA deoxyribonucleic acid). One of the factors that can increase uric acid levels is the factor of excessive purine intake. The habit of consuming coffee can reduce levels of uric acid because the content of polyphenol compounds in coffee such as chlorogenic acid can inhibit the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, thereby reducing levels of uric acid. The purpose of study was to determine differences in uric acid levels between subjects who consumed coffee and did not consume coffee in the Eastern Puskesmas area in 2018. This study included an analytical study with research design cross-sectional. The number of study subjects was 46 subjects aged 45-54 years. Spectrophotometer Rayto measured the level of uric acid in the blood, data on the history of gout and consumption habits were obtained using an observation sheet. Data analysis used test Mann-Whitney. There were differences in uric acid levels between subjects who consumed coffee and did not consume coffee in the East Rim Health Center area in 2018, the uric acid level of subjects who consumed coffee was lower than subjects who did not consume coffee (CI 95% 6.20, 7.80 ; p =0.001). Uric acid levels of subjects who consume coffee are lower than subjects who do not consume coffee, and coffee can be used as a non-pharmacological alternative treatment and prevention of Gout.
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