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Purpose: Sinus perforations are one of the most common complications during sinus augmentation procedures. Preoperative prediction of the antral membrane thickness would be of practical importance and serves as an additional information for surgical planning. The purpose of this study was to analyze a possible correlation and comparison between gingival phenotype and the residual ridge height on the dentulous and the edentulous side to the thickness of the healthy sinus mucosa.Materials and methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients were included in the study; preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning was performed to radiographically evaluate the gingival phenotype (GP), the height of the residual ridge (RRH) at the edentulous side and the dentulous side and thickness of the schneiderian membrane (SMT). The smallest RRH, highest SM and gingival thickness values were recorded. These values were classified as follows: RRH < or >3.5 mm; SM < or >1 mm; and GP <1.5 or >2 mm.

Oral fluids provide a readily available and non-invasive medium for the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases and clinical situations. Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people. Our objective was to compare the salivary and serum glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus and healthy individuals. Two ml of unstimulated whole saliva was collected by the spitting method. Also, 2 ml of the patient’s intravenous blood was obtained from the forearm’s median cephalic vein. Both the samples were centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 2-3 minutes. Ten μl of both saliva and serum were taken out and added to glucose reagent. These were kept in a temperature-controlled water bath at 37°C for 10 minutes. The color change was noted, and the optical density was measured in a semi-auto analyzer. The presence of glucose was detected in both groups; however, the levels were raised in people with diabetes compared to healthy individuals. The present study indicated a substantial increase in salivary and serum glucose levels in diabetic patients compared to healthy controls. The concentration of glucose in saliva increases with the increase in serum glucose concentration.

Erosive tooth wear (ETW) refers to the chemical dissolution of mineralized tissues by acids of non-bacterial origin. It occurs in the primary as well as the permanent dentition. In this study, our objectives were to investigate and compare the impact of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), essential oils (EO), and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on ETW protection produced by conventional fluoride kinds of toothpaste. A clinically relevant in-vitro erosion/abrasion pH cycling model was employed to test the effect of the aforementioned mouthwashes on modulating the ability of NaF and SnF2 types of toothpaste. The mean dentin surface loss associated with NaF toothpaste was significantly lower than for the SnF2 toothpaste. On the other hand, enamel surface loss with SnF2 toothpaste was significantly lower than for the NaF toothpaste. Also, the surface loss of erosion was significantly higher when associated with abrasion than without brushing and for both enamel and dentin. There was no significant difference in the surface loss among all types of mouthwash. Commonly used types of mouthwash containing antimicrobial agents or additional fluoride do not impact fluoride toothpaste action on erosion/abrasion. Also, considering erosion only, the tested SnF2 dentifrice provided better protection against surface loss of enamel than the other.

Edentulism is loss of all natural teeth. Depression increases the risk of poor oral health especially in elderly population with edentulism. This study was done to evaluate edentulism in elderly subjects and its association with depression. Materials and Methods:This prospective study included 530 completely edentulous patients. Personal Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) was administered to all patients to assess the depression level. Parameters such as marital status, education, socio-economic status were also recorded. Results: Out of 530 patients, males were 270 and females were 260. 265 patients had education up to primary standard, 150 had high and 115 had secondary standard, 270 had low socio-economic status, 180 had middle and 80 had high socio-economic status, 518 were married and 12 were unmarried. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-8) scoring and interpretation with BRFSS response conversion, most of the patients (59.8%) had score more than 15 suggestive of depression symptoms. Edentulism was significantly associated with education level (OR 1.02, 95% CI=1.02-1.18), socio-economic status (OR 1.12, 95% CI= 0.92-2.04), marital status (OR 1.17,) and depression (OR 1.52, 95% CI=1.26-2.06). Conclusion: Authors found that edentulism was more prevalent among patients with poor socio-economic status, married and patients with education level upto primary level. Most of the patients had depression symptoms, thus suggesting association of depression with tooth loss.