Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(3):211-216, março 2014 211 RESUMO. No Brasil, dados relacionados com a ocorrência de neoplasias em ruminantes e equinos são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a frequência de neoplasias diagnosticadas em bovinos, caprinos, ovinos e equí-deos no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, durante o perí-odo de 1983 a 2010 e analisar os fatores de risco, mediante o teste de qui-quadrado, considerando como variáveis, espécie, raça, sexo e idade. Durante o período foram registrados 177 (5,6%) tumores de um total de 3.153 diagnósticos provenientes de biópsias e necropsias. Houve diferenças significantes (p<0,001) na frequência de tumores entre as diferentes espécies sendo mais acometidos os equinos (10,6%), seguidos pelos bovinos (6,8%), caprinos (3,3%) e ovinos In Brazil, data related to occurrence of tumors in livestock are scarce. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of tumors diagnosed in equidae, cattle, sheep and goats in the Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, state of Paraíba, from 1983 to 2010, and to analyze the risk factors by the chi square test, considering variables such as species, breed, age and sex. During the period, 177 (5.6%) out of 3153 specimens from biopsies or necropsies were diagnosed as tumors. There were significant differences (p<0.001) in the frequency of tumors among different species; horses (10.6%) were more affected than cattle (6.8%), and cattle were more affected than goats (3.3%) and sheep (2.1%). Squamous cell carcinoma was most frequent tumor in cattle (58.3% of the tumors), sheep (80%) and goats (46.1%), and sarcoid (45.3%) was the most frequent in horses. Regarding the location, neoplasms were more common in the skin of horses (62.5%) and sheep (60%), in the eyes and periocular skin in cattle (36.1%), and un the female reproductive system (perineal region and vulva) of goats (34.6%). Regarding the sex of the animals, only cattle had significant prevalence (p<0.001). Regarding age only goats showed significant prevalence (p=0.015). There was no significant prevalence in any animal species in relation to race. We concluded that squamous cell carcinomas in ruminants and equine sarcoid are the most common tumors in livestock in the semiarid Brazilian Northeast, and the equidae were the most affected among the species studied.

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Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a frequência dos tumores diagnosticados em cães e gatos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos, Paraíba, Brasil, entre os anos de 2003 a 2010. Foram revisados todos os protocolos de necropsias e biópsias realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da referida instituição, e computados os dados referentes aos animais afetados. Os tumores mais frequentes em cães ocorreram na pele e anexos (46,7%), seguido da glândula mamária (24%), sistema genital (10,3%) e sistema digestório (6,5%). Os tumores malignos foram mais frequentes que os benignos (p=0,001), representando 78% e 22% respectivamente. Em gatos, as frequências de neoplasmas de pele e glândula mamária foram idênticas (39,4% cada), seguidas das do sistema digestório (8,5%) e fígado (5,7%). Os tumores malignos representaram 95,8% dos tumores diagnosticados nesta espécie. Cães sem raça definida tiveram menor frequência (16%) de tumores do que animais de diferentes raças (37,2%) (p<0,0001). A ampla variedade de neoplasmas que acomete cães e gatos dificulta ao veterinário o diagnóstico clínico e o tratamento das mesmas, sendo recomendável o diagnóstico histológico sistemático de todas as lesões suspeitas de serem neoplasias. Além disso, são necessários estudos que determinem os fatores epidemiológicos envolvidos no desenvolvimento dos tumores que acometem os cães e gatos, nas diferentes regiões, a fim de serem tomadas medidas para diminuir sua ocorrência e letalidade.

Background: The companion animal market has changed over the years. The number of people living in small apartments has increased; as a result, the demand for small pets such as exotics, fish, and small rodents has also increased due to their smaller space requirements and ease of handling and care. Pets help relieve anxiety and stress in people suffering from social issues. Small rodents are usually bred in specific cages with cellulose or wood shaving bedding, and fed with commercially available diets. Small rodent clinics struggle due to the lack of scientific reports on some diseases and therapies. To date, the oncology literature is too limited to develop better diagnosis and treatment methods. Here, we report three cases of squamous cell carcinoma in the mandibular region of Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus).Case: Three adult male hamsters averaging 1.5 years old, from different pet stores, bred under home conditions by different owners in Sergipe, Brazil, were brought to the Dr. Vicente Borelli Hospital at Pio X University for exotic veterinary care. Each animal had been bred alone in a specific breeding cage. Each had a history of apathy, loss of appetite, andrapid deformity of the facial region. Radiographs showed areas of bone involvement and extensive injury, with partial resorption of the left ramus and angle of the mandibular region. Due to the location of the tumor mass, the clinical status, and limitations in systemic treatment, euthanasia was recommended for each animal. After anamnesis, the animals weresubjected to clinical assessment. A firm and well-circumscribed mass was identified on palpation. In case A, it compromised the left mandible from the angle to the body and extended to the maxillary soft tissues and left superior lips. In case B, it extended from the ramus to the symphysis on the left side and to the maxillary region, similar to case A. In case C,it extended on both sides of the mandible symphysis, with no alterations in the maxillary soft tissues. Following clinical examination, each animal underwent laterolateral and dorsoventral radiographic examination; no images were suggestive of pulmonary metastasis. However, an expansive mandibular lesion with partial resorption, suggestive of bone neoplasia,was detected. The animals were dehydrated and in clinical distress, and euthanasia was recommended. Histopathological examination of samples from the tumor sites revealed moderate cellular and nuclear pleomorphism and proliferation of neoplastic keratinocytes, suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma, a malignant tumor of epidermal keratinocytes with a highly invasive and aggressive nature.Discussion: The number of reports in the literature of cancer in small rodent companion animals has lead us to believe that neoplasms in these animals are misdiagnosed and/or that their prevalence is underreported. The literature describes that the tumor incidence in hamsters is 3-40%, and that the incidence is higher in male rodents. This incidence range increases the analysis of cancer in these animals from rare to middle-frequent what do not contribute to the animals’ clinics and to small rodent therapeutics. Differential diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma and other tumor types should be addressed, especially osteosarcomas. Histopathological examination is essential to clarify the etiopathogenesis.Keywords: rodents, neoplasm, keratinocytes.

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemistry characteristics of five cases of toxoplasmosis, an infection often associated with distemper in dogs. From January 2000 to December 2012, a retrospective study was performed analyzed dogs with distemper in the semiarid region of Paraíba. We evaluated this sample to focus on individuals who presented with concomitant structures in protozoa characteristics, and performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests using polyclonal anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody. In all cases, the clinical signs were similar including digestive changes, as well as respiratory, neurological, and ocular lesions, suggesting an infection of canine distemper virus. The diagnosis of distemper was confirmed on histopathological analysis depending on the presence of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies in different tissues. Histopathological examination also revealed the characteristic presence of parasitic cysts T. gondii in the brain in four cases, and in the lung in one case. The brain cysts were associated with multifocal areas of malacia and lung there was alveolar septa thickening due to infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, with moderate proliferation of type II pneumocytes and coalescing multifocal areas of necrosis. These cysts are characterized by round and strongly basophilic structures, measuring approximately 5 to 70 µm, delimited by thin wall, stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and immunomarked as brown by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the chromogen DAB. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis associated with infection by canine distemper virus in the five case studied was based on microscopic findings and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Toxoplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of dogs with severe progressive systemic signs, especially when respiratory and neurological involvement is suspected. ResumoObjetivou-se com este trabalho descrever as características clínicas, patológicas e imuno-histoquímica de cinco casos de toxoplasmose associados à cinomose em cães no semiárido da Paraíba. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo durante o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2012, sendo identificados e selecionados os casos de cães com cinomose. Destes, foram avaliados os que apresentavam concomitantemente estruturas características de protozoários e realizada a imunohistoquímica (IHQ) com anticorpo policlonal anti-Toxoplasma gondii. Em todos os casos os sinais clínicos foram semelhantes e sugestivos de infecção pelo vírus da cinomose canina, variando de alterações digestivas, respiratórias, neurológicas e lesões oculares. O diagnóstico de cinomose foi confirmado na histopatologia através da presença de corpúsculos de inclusões virais eosinofílicos intranucleares e intracitoplasmáticos em diferentes tecidos. O exame histopatológico revelou ainda a presença dos cistos parasitários característicos de T. gondii no encéfalo em quatro casos e no pulmão em um cas...