Tinea capitis (TC) is the most common dermatophyte infection in children. Fungal culture; although a gold standard of diagnosis, requires time for the final results which can favor horizontal transmission. Trichoscopy helps in rapid diagnosis and could work as a monitoring tool during antifungal therapy. The objective of this study is to provide a clinico‐trichoscopic evaluation and follow‐up of children presenting with TC during treatment with either griseofulvin or terbinafine. One hundred and twenty children clinically diagnosed with TC confirmed by potassium hydroxide microscopy, were divided into two groups and given either oral ultramicrosize griseofulvin (60, Group A) or terbinafine (60, Group B). Following initiation of the antifungal therapy, trichoscopic features within Groups A and B were noted at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. However, variation in the baseline trichoscopic features between the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.855). A significant reduction of corkscrew and broken hairs as well as perifollicular scales, scalp erythema, and crust was significantly observed from 2 weeks onward irrespective of the antifungal drug prescribed. Despite the paucity of data evaluating trichoscopic features in patients with TC, this tool can serve as a rapid diagnostic and monitoring tool during antifungal treatment. Trichoscopic signs of TC resolution occur before clinical improvement and can guide for treatment adjustment during the course of therapy.
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease that results in non-scarring hair loss.Topical minoxidil 5% gel and methotrexate (MTX) 1% gel are important modalities used in the treatment of many dermatological diseases. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MTX 1% gel versus topical minoxidil 5% gel in the treatment of localized AA both clinically and dermoscopically. A total of 50 patients were randomly divided into two groups of 25 each; the first was treated with topical minoxidil 5% gel and the second was with MTX 1% gel. Dermoscopic and photographic pictures were used to follow up at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 weeks. By comparing the two therapies, we noticed that minoxidil has a statistically significant higher frequency of broken hair and black dots after 6 weeks than MTX. After 12 weeks, dermoscopic revealed that the minoxidil group had a lower frequency of vellus hair than the MTX group. Clinically after 6 weeks, minoxidil showed significantly more excellent improvement than MTX (16% vs. 0%), after 12 weeks, minoxidil and MTX showed excellent improvement (52% and 36%), respectively. There was no significant difference in side effects (erythema and itching) between the MTX and minoxidil groups. Both topical MTX 1% gel and topical minoxidil 5% gel had high efficacy in treating localized AA, with no significant differences between them as evaluated by clinical and dermoscopic examination.
Aim
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common condition that is influenced by many external and internal factors. We aimed to identify the prevalence of FPHL among secondary school girls and identify possible associated factors.
Methods
FPHL among 3405 adolescent females was identified using detailed history, physical examination, and dermoscopy in this cross‐sectional study.
Results
Among the 3405 included students, 2430 (71.4%) had no FPHL and 975 (28.6%) were diagnosed with FPHL (p = 0.001). The mean age of girls with FPHL was 16.43 ± 1.10 and ranged between 15 and 18 years. Among those with FPHL, 427 (43.8%) attended urban schools while 548 (56.2%) attended rural schools. No significant differences regarding paternal and maternal education, family income, or parental degree of education were observed among those with FPHL and those without (p = 0.230; p = 0.063; p = 0.276, respectively).
Conclusion
FPHL had an overall prevalence of 28.6% among secondary school girls with a significant predominance in rural over urban areas and with a significantly associated family history. Irregular menses, history of thyroid disease, and hirsutism were significant predictors for FPHL.
Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a skin disorder with high prevalence. Dermatologists usually prescribe topical keratolytic, laser approaches, or chemical peels for aesthetic reasons. Adapalene is a topical retinoid with high degree of success in treating AN. Metformin is an insulin sensitizer that was suggested as a treatment modality for AN by targeting the insulin resistance associated with AN.
Aim of the work: Compare the safety and effectiveness of topical 30% metformin cream versus topical adapalene 0.1 cream) in treatment of AN.
Patients and methods: The current included 40cases with AN. Cases were randomly distributed into two groups (Each of 20 patients),
Results: Between the examined groups, there is a statistically substantial variation with relation to improvement degree for all dermoscopic findings assessed after treatment. The degree of dermoscopic improvement was better in the adapalene group. Also, the degree of clinical improvement was better in the adapalene group. The mean ANASI score changed from 32.4 to 27.8 pre and post-operative for metformin group and from 26.8 to 18.4 for adapalene group. Percent of change is higher among adapalene group without a statistically significant difference between them.
Conclusion: adapalene 0.1% cream was more effective for treating acanthosis nigricans than Metformin 30% cream, but it caused more local complications. Regarding the likelihood of recurrence, no variation between the two therapeutic regimens was found.
Background
Hansen's disease (HD), often known as leprosy, is a bacterial disease with a long history that is still prevalent today. This infection can manifest in a number of different ways, causing damage to peripheral nerves, skin, and testes. The functional activity limitations (FALs) caused by leprosy are well understood. Physical and mental well-being, autonomy, social connections, perspectives, and the natural setting all contribute to one's QoL.
Aim
to measure how leprosy affects patients' and their families quality of Life.
Subject and Methods:
This cross-sectional study involved 100 patients and their families. All of them were recruited from Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology Department Outpatient Clinics, Al-Azhar University Hospitals (Damietta), and Dermatology and Leprosy Hospitals in Tanta and Damietta. The quality of life of leprosy patients was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)
Results
There was a significant relationship among (DLQI) result of patients and different lesion sites except for mucous lesions. Regarding family questionnaire, participants reported to be sympathetic were the highest percent in Feeling to see leprosy patient and in Feeling to have a leprosy family member.
Conclusion
Disability is the most important element in determining how severely leprosy affects quality of life. Therefore, there is still a need to raise awareness about lepromatous leprosy and its effects on patients' quality of life and the general public's understanding of the disease.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.