Altered DNA repair capacity may affect an individual's susceptibility to cancers due to compromised genomic integrity. This study was designed to elucidate the association of selected polymorphisms in DNA repair genes with urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC). OGG1 rs1052133 and rs2304277, XRCC1 rs1799782 and rs25487, XRCC3 rs861539, XPC rs2228001, and XPD rs13181 were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 200 UBC cases and 200 controls. We found association of OGG1 rs2304277 [odds ratio (OR) = 3.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.79-7.06] and XPC rs2228001 (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.43-3.94) with UBC. In stratified analysis with respect to smoking status, OGG1 rs2304277 and XPC rs2228001 exhibited increased risk in smokers [(rs2304277 OR = 4.96, 95% CI = 1.51-16.30) (rs2228001 OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.02-4.72)] as well as nonsmokers [(rs2304277 OR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.26-6.90) (rs2228001 OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.31-5.04)]. These polymorphisms were also associated with both low-grade [(rs2304277 OR = 3.73, 95% CI = 1.72-8.09) (rs2228001 OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.21-3.92)] and high-grade tumors [(rs2304277 OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.52-7.80) (rs2228001 OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.48-5.33)] as well as with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer [(rs2304277 OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 1.87-8.67) (rs2228001 OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.20-3.81)] and muscle-invasive bladder cancer [(rs2304277 OR = 3.06, 95%CI = 1.31-7.13) (rs2228001 OR = 2.95, 95%CI = 1.51-5.75)]. This is the first study on DNA repair gene polymorphisms and UBC in the Pakistani population. It identifies OGG1 rs2304277 and replicates XPC rs2228001 as significant modulators of UBC susceptibility.
This systematic review complies with the PRISMA statement. 22 Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Elsevier and PubMed were systematically searched for RCTs from 1989 to 2018. Search terms were chemotherapy, randomised controlled trials, anemia, breast cancer, erythropoiesis stimulating agents, erythropoietin, epoetin, darbepoetin, methoxy polyethylene glycolepoetin beta, mortality, tumor progression, survival, quality of life, transfusion requirements and safety.
In the literature, the association of biliary atresia with cytomegalovirus infection and presentation of infants with intracranial bleeding has been reported. We present a case of 02 months old female child who presented to Paediatrics ER with deep jaundice and intracranial bleeding. CT scan findings were suggestive of massive frontoparietal bleeding and patient's torch profile (cytomegalovirus Ig M) was also positive. After stabilization, the patient was referred to pediatrics surgery after a HIDA scan confirmed the findings of biliary atresia. In conclusion, biliary atresia should be considered in all patients with cholestasis and intracranial bleed and should also be searched for cytomegalovirus infection.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.