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The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms according to the DSM-5 and ICD-11 among 3270 college/univers ity students (2095 [64.1%] females; age mean 21.6 [3.1] years) from different countries worldwide. Croatian, English, Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Turkish, and Vietnamese versions of the scale were tested. The study showed that symptoms of IGD could be measured as a single underlying factor among college/university students. A nine itemsymptom scale following DSM-5, and a short four-item scale representing the main ICD-11 symptoms, had sound internal consistency and construct validity. Three symptom-items were found non-invariant across the language samples (i.e., preoccupation with on-line gaming, loss of interests in previous hobbies and entertainment, and the use of gaming to relieve negative moods). This study provides initial evidence for assessing IGD symptoms among college/university students and will hopefully foster further research into gaming addiction in this population worldwide especially with taking into account language/cultural differences.

People with psychiatric problems often visit a general hospital. Many of them require emergencyservice. B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) is one of the few health institutes in Nepalproviding comprehensive 24-hour psychiatric emergency service. This study aims to document thepattern of psychiatric emergencies in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal.All psychiatric emergencies referred from different departments in 30 random days during a sixmonthperiod were enrolled. This is a descriptive study with convenience sampling method wherethe diagnoses were made based on the‘International Classifi cation of Disease and Infi rmity’ (ICD-10).One hundred twenty-nine cases were referred in the study period. The M:F ratio was 1.3:1. Theservice users were predominantly young adults. The majority of cases were seen in the emergencydepartment and medical ward. The most common causes for the consultation were behavioralproblems (39%), altered consciousness (32%) and somatic complaints (17%). Approximately 83%received the diagnosis of Category F of the ICD-10. Mental and behavioral disorder due to substanceuse (F10-19) was the most common disorder (30%), followed by mood/affective disorders (23%)and neurotic, stress-related anxiety disorders (16%). Roughly 46% had co-morbid physical illnessesand 8% received only a physical diagnosis. About 20% had attempted suicide using different means,poisoning being the most common.Emergency psychiatric consultation for mental problems is sought by almost all departments of ageneral hospital. These consultations are most commonly sought for substance use, mood or anxietydisorders.Key Words: Behavioral problems, psychiatric emergency, psychiatric disorders, substance abuse.

This is a cross sectional study, conducted in 45 pregnant women coming for antenatal check ups in the eastern regional hospitals in Nepal. Hamilton -Depression Scale (HAM-d) was applied after initial psychiatry work up to all women who were selected for the interview. Analysis revealed about half of the pregnant women having some form of depression. Life events (e.g. chronic illness in the family, marital disharmony, economic crisis to sustain the family) were found to be important risk factors (P<0.05). Antenatal depression is a more common than generally thought.JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2008 Jul-Sep;47(171):128-131.

Introduction: Psychiatric disorders have long been associated with bio-psycho-social factors. The relationship of stressful events with the etiology and the course of mental illness have similarly been much considered. Among different types of conflicts, armed political is the one under which many countries including Nepal have been reeled directly. This study aims to evaluate the psychiatric morbidity profile of patients with the stressors related to the then ongoing political conflict in Nepal. Methods: This is a hospital based, descriptive study with convenient sampling method carried out in Department of Psychiatry, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. The diagnosis was based on Chapter V (F) of ICD- 10. Results: Among 50 subjects, there were 36 males and 14 females. More than half of the subjects were of productive age. During the war period, more than half had been affected directly; physically and or psychologically while other halves indirectly. Nearly all subjects had biological/ somatic symptoms, followed by anxiety and psychotic symptoms. Two cases (4%) presented with attempted suicide. Affective disorders were the most common diagnosis among the subjects with conflict related stressors. Conclusion: Many of the mentally ill people had significant political stressor in current day Nepal. Hence, as described in the literature, it is a risk factor. Keywords: armed conflict; conflict related stressor; psychiatric disorder; Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i2.4975 Health Renaissance 2011: Vol.9 (No.2): 67-72

Autoscopic phenomenon, a psychic illusionary duplication of one's own self, has been the subject of interest in the literature and science for years. It has been reported in various diseases of the central nervous system but with an unknown mechanism. Hallucinations are a common presentation in alcohol dependence syndrome during delirium tremens and as induced disorder. However, autoscopic hallucination has been rarely reported in the cases of alcohol dependence. We present a case of a 40-year-old man who experienced autoscopic hallucination during the withdrawal state of alcohol. He was successfully treated with detoxification and an antipsychotic medication and was doing well. The case highlights the need for strong suspicion and exploration of the autoscopic hallucination and autoscopic phenomenon in general in cases of alcohol dependence syndrome.

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