The growth of weeds in the rice fields can reduce production. Weed is a disrupting plant that grows and spreads rapidly so it becomes a nutritional competitor for cultivated plants. This study aims to identify rice weeds in the fields of Rimau District, Banyuasin, South Sumatra. The research method used was descriptive method with purposive sampling on wetland rice fields of the Ciherang variety. Sampling was carried out in a critical period (3-6 weeks after planting) in rice fields. The results of weed identification obtained 6 families consisting of 15 species, namely Ageratum conyzoides L., Crassocephalum crepidioides, Cleome rutidisprema DC., Cyperusroduntus L. Cyperus compressus, Eleocharis palustris L., Frimbristylis miliacea L. Vahl, Phylanthus naruri L., Eurphobia hirta, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Press., Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel., Echinochola colona (L.) Link., Eleusinindica (L.) Gaertn., Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven. The Poaceae family is most commonly found as a rice weed in Rimau District, South Sumatra.
NiO and NiO-NiFe2O4, composite had been synthesized by the coprecipitation method and characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, and SEM-EDS. The photocatalytic degradation performances of the photocatalyst were investigated using visible irradiation, in which Congo red dye was used as a model. The photocatalytic degradation process was assessed through three variables: the pH of the solution, Congo red dye initial concentration, and irradiation time. The removal efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of 98.45% was achieved using NiO-NiFe2O4 at a pH of 6, an initial concentration of the dye of 100 mg/L, and an irradiation time of 120 minutes was higher than that obtained using NiO, which was 78.5%. Pseudo-first-order was suitable to describe the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of Congo red, with values of k = 0.0114 min-1 and t1/2 = 60.789 min using NiO as the photocatalyst, and with k =0.0225 min-1 and t1/2 = 30.8 min using NiO-NiFe2O4. The removal efficiency of the NiO-NiFe2O4 composite of consecutive reuse three-time was 98.45, 97.13, and 96.21%, while NiO was 78.30, 77.12, and 75.32%. Therefore, NiO-NiFe2O4 was considered more effective in reducing Congo red concentration than NiO.
Paper generally uses wood as the main raw material, which is increasingly expensive, so it requires alternative raw materials such as rice husks. Banyasin Regency is a food producer and provides high by-products (rice husks), so the researchers aim to use rice husks into paper. The method used in this study includes display data (presentation of data) the results of the utilization of rice husks, and the conclusion (conclusion) of the resulting paper. The results obtained from the use of rice husk into paper in assisting the community of the Muara Telang District, Banyasin Regency, received positive responses from the community, which was indicated by the attitude of the residents in managing the husks into paper and the paper produced had characteristics, was bright brown in color, flexible, and had a husk motif. The paper obtained from this activity is suitable to be developed as a calligraphy and other craft materials.
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