The aim of the work was to develop an algorithm of anti-microbial chemotherapy for the perioperative prevention of local inflammatory complications.
To clarify the data on possible pathogens of postoperative local inflammatory complications, the authors conducted their own microbiological studies to determine the microbiome of an operating wound under the conditions of aerobic and anaerobic cultivation of inoculum with subsequent identification by a complex of morphological, cultural and biochemical properties. Periodontal pathogens were identified by PCR. The microbiome of the surgical wound was analyzed for conditionally clean wounds (group 1 — 61 patients after dental implantation surgery), infected (group 2-41 patients with a diagnosis of pericoronitis, difficult eruption of the wisdom tooth) and contaminated (group 3 — 42 patients after cystectomy, granulomectomy).
Based on the literature data and the results of our own research, an algorithm of antimicrobial chemotherapy (prevention) for outpatient operations in dental practice has been developed. The algorithm includes the most commonly used drugs by dentists, taking into account the microbiota of the postoperative wound, the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics, and the duration of treatment courses.
Transient bacteremia that occurs during invasive dental manipulations can lead to the development of severe complications in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, immunodeficiencies due to many factors, blood diseases, the presence of endoprostheses, etc. Antimi-crobial prevention of possible infectious-inflammatory complications of bacteremia in dentistry is an important task. The article provides data on the composition of normal oral microflora and its sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs. An algorithm for preventing complications of transient bacteremia in patients with risk factors is proposed.
The aim of the work was to develop an algorithm of anti-microbial chemotherapy for the perioperative prevention of local inflammatory complications.
To clarify the data on possible pathogens of postoperative local inflammatory complications, the authors conducted their own microbiological studies to determine the microbiome of an operating wound under the conditions of aerobic and anaerobic cultivation of inoculum with subsequent identification by a complex of morphological, cultural and biochemical properties. Periodontal pathogens were identified by PCR. The microbiome of the surgical wound was analyzed for conditionally clean wounds (group 1 — 61 patients after dental implantation surgery), infected (group 2-41 patients with a diagnosis of pericoronitis, difficult eruption of the wisdom tooth) and contaminated (group 3 — 42 patients after cystectomy, granulomectomy).
Based on the literature data and the results of our own research, an algorithm of antimicrobial chemotherapy (prevention) for outpatient operations in dental practice has been developed. The algorithm includes the most commonly used drugs by dentists, taking into account the microbiota of the postoperative wound, the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics, and the duration of treatment courses.
Candidiasis is the most common mycosis. Оral candidiasis occurs in the form of stomatitis, including the so-called prosthetic stomatitis. Somewhat less often, fungi of the genus Candida are detected with gingivitis and periodontitis, manifestations of red lichen planus on the oral mucosa.The purpose of the work: to analyze the results of mycological studies and determine the sensitivity of fungi isolated from the oral cavity in vari-ous oral pathologies to the main antimycotics, as well as the formation on this basis of an algorithm for antimycotic therapy of candidal lesions of the oral mucosa and periodontium.Material and methods. The paper uses the results of studies of patients with candidiasis of the oral mucosa (127 patients), prosthetic stomatitis (136 patients), candida-associated periodontitis (168 patients). Primary inoculation was performed quantitatively on Sabouraud’s medium and duplicated on M1297 chromogenic medium (Himedia Labs, India).To study the biofilm formed on the oral mucosa, fixed preparations of gold-coated scrapings were prepared for scanning electron microscopy, which was performed using a Quanta 200 3D bi-beam microscope (USA). Sensitivity to antimycotics was assessed using the traditional method of disks.The results of the study. When studying the species composition of yeast-like fungi isolated from the material, it was found that the species C. albicans was isolated in 80% of patients, in association with other species: C. Krusei, C. guilliermondii and C. glabrata. The second place was taken by the species C. Krusei, which was detected in 13.3% of patients. Representatives of this genus of yeast fungi are characterized by the formation of a biofilm with a pronounced mantle, which protects the microorganism from aggressive factors, including antimycotics and antiseptics. All the studied preparations showed fungicidal activity against these strains of yeast-like fungi. When registering the results, it was found that the most pronounced sensitivity of yeast-like fungi of this species was to drugs from the group of azole derivatives. The most pronounced antifungal activity was noted by us in voriconazole.Conclusion. Based on the obtained data, an algorithm of systemic antimycotic therapy for oral candidiasis has been developed.
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