The indoor air quality and ventilation systems of 20 indoor public venues in the Perth Metropolitan area were investigated. This included 4 licensed restaurants, 2 licensed sporting clubs, 6 coffee shops (including a smoking café in a non-smoking shopping centre), 5 taverns, 2 night-clubs and a major hotel. Indicators oftobacco smoke and ventilation were monitored, the ventilation system was inspected and the number of people engaged in smoking and not smoking were counted. Averaged levels of nicotine varied between 1.91 and 22.4 μg.m -3 and were highest in taverns. Significantly higher levels of nicotine were found in the public areas compared to levels behind the bar in taverns and clubs.Particulate levels and levels of carbon monoxide were elevated. With the exception of the major international hotel, all venues were found to have significant deficiencies in the running and maintenance of their air conditioning systems.

A study of 132 unoccupied and 60 occupied caravans was conducted to determine levels of formaldehyde and factors which may affect these levels. Repeat monitoring was carried out 6 months later in 50 of the occupied caravans. A questionnaire was also used to assess po tential factors associated with the recorded levels. Mean formaldehyde levels of 100 ppb in unoccupied caravans and 29 ppb in occupied caravans were recorded. A nega tive correlation was found between formaldehyde levels and the age of caravans. There were significant seasonal differences in formaldehyde levels measured, with high er levels recorded in winter.

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Taking Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O and activated carbon (AC) which was treated by acid and alkali as raw materials. The polylol reduction method was then adopted to prepare the cuprous oxide and activated carbon composite material. The structure and morphology of composite material samples were characterized by BET, SEM and XRD. The effects of cuprous oxide and activated carbon composite material on reducing the hazards of hydrocyanic acid in the cigarette were studied. Different pretreatment methods and the effect of mixture ratio to drop focal relieving harm of hydrocyanic acid in the cigarette were examined.