No abstract

Many state-of-the-art methods have been proposed for infrared small target detection. They work well on the images with homogeneous backgrounds and high-contrast targets. However, when facing highly heterogeneous backgrounds, they would not perform very well, mainly due to: 1) the existence of strong edges and other interfering components, 2) not utilizing the priors fully. Inspired by this, we propose a novel method to exploit both local and non-local priors simultaneously. Firstly, we employ a new infrared patch-tensor (IPT) model to represent the image and preserve its spatial correlations. Exploiting the target sparse prior and background non-local self-correlation prior, the target-background separation is modeled as a robust low-rank tensor recovery problem. Moreover, with the help of the structure tensor and reweighted idea, we design an entry-wise localstructure-adaptive and sparsity enhancing weight to replace the globally constant weighting parameter. The decomposition could be achieved via the element-wise reweighted higher-order robust principal component analysis with an additional convergence condition according to the practical situation of target detection. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model outperforms the other state-of-the-arts, in particular for the images with very dim targets and heavy clutters.Index Terms-infrared small target detection, infrared patchtensor model, reweighted higher-order robust principal component analysis, non-local self-correlation prior, local structure prior. Y. Dai is with the College

This paper studies the relationship between corporate leverage and the ultimate corporate ownership structure, particularly the separation of cash flow rights and control rights. We empirically disentangle the three potential effects of the divergence of control rights from cash flow rights on corporate leverage, i.e. the non-dilution entrenchment effect, the signalling effect of debt and the reduce-debt-for-tunnelling effect. Our evidence from the East Asian corporations mainly supports the notion that controlling shareholders with relatively small ownership share tend to increase leverage out of the motive of raising external finance without diluting their shareholding dominance. The separation of cash flow rights and control rights contributes to the risk-taking tendency of the large controlling shareholders in capital structure choice. We argue that the risky capital structure choice serves as one potential channel through which weak corporate governance contributes to the severity of corporate value losses during the Asian financial crisis. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2005.

Zinc‐based batteries are potential candidates for flexible energy storage due to their high capacity, low cost, and intrinsic safety. Hydrogel electrolytes with saturated aqueous solvents can provide remarkable electrochemical performance while retaining satisfactory flexibility for zinc‐based batteries. The past decades have witnessed their fast growth. However, the study of zinc‐based batteries with hydrogel electrolytes under extreme conditions is still in the early stages and many technical issues remain to be addressed. In this review, the physical and chemical properties of hydrogel electrolytes are discussed for application in zinc‐based batteries. Strategies towards hydrogel electrolytes and flexible zinc‐based batteries under extremely high/low temperatures or under deformation conditions and their behaviors are reviewed and analyzed. Moreover, design strategies for all‐around hydrogel electrolyte that are appropriate for use in all these extreme conditions are proposed. A perspective discussing the challenges and future directions of hydrogel electrolyte for zinc‐based batteries is also provided.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract