The paper presents the measured data on interfacial tension of bentonite suspensions and strength of a cement stone in water solutions of Frem Giper S-TB superplasticizer. The interfacial tension of water-surfactant-bentonite suspension is experimentally measured at various concentrations of a bentonite solid phase. The dependence of interfacial tension on the concentration of a solid phase is quite complex. In particular, the minimum is observed on interfacial tension isotherms at 3 wt.% of bentonite. Isoplastic cement mixes are obtained from the above suspensions. The cement stone samples are made of these mixes. The strength test of these samples showed a considerable increase of the compression strength. At the same time, 3 wt.% of bentonite demonstrated the maximum increase in strength.
The paper presents the results of research on creating a high-strength cement composite using a complex additive. The optimal concentrations of additives of the Odolit-K hyper plasticizer in combination with bentonite have been determined. A significant decrease in the w / c ratio and an increase in the cement stone's strength was obtained. High-strength cement composites have been obtained with the optimal content of the complex additive. The volume-weighted average crystallite sizes were calculated using the Scherrer formula on the basis of X-ray studies. Deformation diagrams of statically loaded samples of prisms of the basic and control compositions of high-strength concrete were obtained. Deformation diagrams are investigated.
The paper presents experimental results on the dependence of surface tension on the concentration of a suspension of bentonite (0 - 10% by weight). The isotherms σ of aqueous suspensions of bentonite are characterized by local minima in the concentration range of 3-4 mass% of the solid phase. It has been established that a decrease in the average particle size leads to the disappearance of the extremum on the surface tension isotherms. The data obtained led to the conclusion that the most important factors affecting the nature of the isotherms of the surface tension of bentonite suspensions are the degree of dispersion and the presence in the aqueous suspension of bentonite, both colloidal and coarse particles.
The paper presents the results of an experimental study considering the dependence of the surface tension of bentonite aqueous suspensions on the concentration of the solid phase and the time of the surface formation. To conduct experimental studies, a new technique has been developed, which allows leveling the influence of the sedimentation factor on the magnitude of the surface tension. A distinctive feature of the proposed technique is that these methods of measuring surface tension are used for the first time. In this method the process of sedimentation is multidirectional relative to the surface. The results obtained allowed us to determine that the resulting coagulation structures have a significant influence on the nature of changes in the surface tension of bentonite aqueous suspensions. It was established that the polydispersity of the solid phase and water molecules in the dispersion medium play a key role in the formation of spatial structures and, as a consequence, in the formation of a minimum on the surface tension isotherms of bentonite suspensions.
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